🔆 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

📍 Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
✅ Triggered by crop failure and drought in Kheda, Gujarat.
✅ Led by Sardar Patel with Gandhi’s support, demanding remission of land tax.
✅ Outcome – Tax suspended, rates reduced, and confiscated property returned.

📍 Bardoli Satyagraha (1928)
✅ Protest against land revenue hike in Gujarat.
✅ Led by Patel; women bestowed on him the title “Sardar.”
✅ Ended with government conceding to peasants’ demands.

📍 Role in Constituent Assembly
✅ Chairman:
• Committee on Fundamental Rights & Minorities
• Provincial Constitution Committee
✅ Presided over Karachi Session (1931) that adopted Fundamental Rights & Economic Policy.

📍 Statue of Unity
✅ 182 m statue at Kevadia (Ekta Nagar), facing Sardar Sarovar Dam — world’s tallest statue.

📍 National Unity Day (31 October)
✅ Celebrated to honour Sardar Patel’s birth anniversary and his role in integrating princely states into the Indian Union.

#history

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_history

🔆 Rogue Planet

✅ Definition: A planetary body ejected from its original system, drifting freely in interstellar space without orbiting a star.
✅ Origin: Usually expelled during the early chaotic stages of planetary system formation or later due to orbital instabilities.
✅ Orbit: No parent star — moves independently through space.
✅ Significance: Offers insights into planet formation, system dynamics, and interstellar matter interactions.

#Science_and_Technology #cse

🔆 India Hosts 8th Session of Codex Committee on Spices & Culinary Herbs (CCSCH-8)

📍 Venue: Guwahati | Date: 17 Oct 2025 | Source: PIB Delhi

✅ Key Outcome: Finalized Codex standards for large cardamom, vanilla, and coriander — boosting global spice quality and trade benchmarks.
✅ Organised by: Spices Board India under the Ministry of Commerce & Industry; operates within the Codex Alimentarius Commission (FAO & WHO).
✅ Significance:
• Ensures uniform global benchmarks for spice quality and safety.
• Enhances India’s export competitiveness as a leading producer of cardamom and coriander.
• Strengthens India’s role as a trusted partner in the global spice trade.
✅ Participation: Delegates from 30 countries, emphasizing science-based, harmonized, and fair-trade standards.

📍 Mains Question:
How does India’s leadership in Codex standard-setting strengthen its position in global agri-trade and promote food safety diplomacy?

#Agriculture

⭐ TARGET JKPCS 2025
50 MCQ/days with explanation

🎉 On the occasion of Diwali, fee for JKPCS batch 2025 has been reduced to just 199/-

❓What are we providing ?

✅ Proper 45 days schedule
✅ Channel quiz 30+ MCQ
✅ Live bot quiz 20+ MCQ
✅ Atleast two rounds of revision
✅ Special focus on PyQs
✅ Doubt clearance

DM @Cassowary_11 to join now! 😊

The more you sweat in practice, the less you bleed in the battle!

You will also get access to all previous questions posted on the channel from 20 sept onwards.

From 15th dec, there will be weekly live bot quiz with 40 questions

🔆 Western Chalukya Dynasty (973–1189 AD)

📍 Overview
✅ Capital: Manyakheta → shifted to Kalyani (Basavakalyan)
✅ Founder: Tailapa II (defeated Rashtrakuta ruler Kakka II)
✅ Extent: Western Deccan – parts of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
✅ Sources: Kannada works (Gada Yuddha, Vikramankadeva Charita), coins, inscriptions

📍 Important Rulers
✅ Tailapa II (975–997 AD): Defeated Paramara King Munja; patronized poet Ranna
✅ Satyashraya (997–1008 AD): Fought Eastern Chalukyas & Cholas; defeated by Rajendra Chola I
✅ Someshwara I (1042–1068 AD): Shifted capital to Kalyani; won Battle of Koppam (1054 AD)
✅ Vikramaditya VI (1076–1126 AD): Introduced Chalukya-Vikrama Era, defeated Cholas & Hoysalas

📍 Administration
✅ Decentralized system: Mandala → Nadu → Kampana → Bada
✅ Officials: Maha Pradhan, Sandhivigrahika, Dandanayaka
✅ Women managed Nadus & Kampanas

📍 Art & Architecture
✅ Style: Gadag / Vesara Style – blend of Nagara & Dravidian
✅ Temples:
• Kashivishweshwara Temple, Lakkundi
• Dodda Basappa Temple, Dambal
• Mahadeva Temple, Itagi – “Emperor among Temples”
• Trikuteshwara Temple, Gadag

📍 Literature
✅ Sanskrit: Vikramankadeva Charita – Bilhana
✅ Kannada: Gada Yuddha, Chandombudhi, Rannakanda

#history

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_history

🔆 Suicide in India – Key Highlights (NCRB Report)

📍 Trends & Statistics
✅ Overall Increase: Reported suicides rose by 0.3% in 2023 (vs 2022), though rate declined by 0.8%.
✅ Highest Suicide Rate: Andaman & Nicobar Islands > Sikkim > Kerala.
✅ High Suicide States (by share): Maharashtra > Tamil Nadu > Madhya Pradesh > Karnataka > West Bengal.
✅ Urban vs Rural: Cities record higher suicide rates than the national average.
✅ Gender Ratio: Male : Female = 72.8 : 27.2.

📍 Farmer Suicides
✅ 10,786 deaths (6.3% of total suicides).
✅ Zero reported in: West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa.

📍 Government Initiatives
✅ National Suicide Prevention Strategy (2022): Reduce suicides by 10% by 2030.
✅ Tele-MANAS: 24×7 free tele-mental health helpline.
✅ National Mental Health Programme (NMHP): Decentralized mental healthcare.
✅ Manodarpan (MoE): Psychosocial support for students, teachers & families.

#social_issue #society #mains

🔆 Mud Volcano Eruption in Baratang Island (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)

📍 Recent Event
✅ India’s only active mud volcano in Baratang Island has erupted after 20 years, releasing mud, gases, and water.

📍 About Mud Volcanoes
✅ Definition: Natural vents that expel a mix of mud, water, and gases (mainly methane, sometimes CO₂ or nitrogen) — not molten lava.
✅ Formation Areas: Common in natural gas–rich regions.
✅ Cause of Eruption: Triggered by tectonic pressure or hydrocarbon gas buildup beneath the surface.
✅ Structure: Forms cone-like mounds, mimicking true volcanic shapes.

#Geography

Upsc EPFO prelims Short Notes

CLICK HERE

Quick revise

⭐ TARGET JKPCS 2025
50 MCQ/days with explanation

🎉 On the occasion of Diwali, fee for JKPCS batch 2025 has been reduced to just 199/-

❓What are we providing ?

✅ Proper 45 days schedule
✅ Channel quiz 30+ MCQ
✅ Live bot quiz 20+ MCQ
✅ Atleast two rounds of revision
✅ Special focus on PyQs
✅ Doubt clearance

DM @Cassowary_11 to join now! 😊

The more you sweat in practice, the less you bleed in the battle!

You will also get access to all previous questions posted on the channel from 20 sept onwards.

From 15th dec, there will be weekly live bot quiz with 40 questions

🗞 Prelims 2026 starts now!!!

🆕First Academy in India which deals only with UPSC Prelims exam. This is very different.

💻 Known the source of UPSC Prelims Current Affairs Questions.

▶️Many failures have cleared Prelims for the first time from our platform. It’s your turn now.

📝Solve the above question: https://www.goaltideias.com/startdailyquizs-detail/1477

Telegram link: https://www.tg-me.com/goalTide

🔆 22 October 2025 – Current Affairs Round-Up

📍 INTERNATIONAL
✅ Brazil & India form strategic alliance for economic and tech cooperation — announced by President Lula da Silva.
✅ Mercer–CFA Global Pension Index 2025: India ranks 52/52 (score 43.8, Grade D); Netherlands, Iceland & Denmark top.
✅ UPOV (1991 Convention): Report flags rising FTA pressure on countries to adopt strict plant variety protection laws (India not a member).
✅ IEA Report: Sustainable fuel use may quadruple by 2035; could create 2 million jobs & attract $1.5T investment.
✅ WDMMA 2025: India overtakes China to become 3rd most powerful Air Force globally.

📍 NATIONAL
✅ Ministry of Mines launches State Mining Readiness Index (SMRI) — MP, Rajasthan & Gujarat top performers.
✅ FSSAI bans misuse of the term “ORS” on food products; deemed misbranding under FSS Act 2006.
✅ 8th Codex Committee Session on Spices & Herbs (CCSCH) held in Guwahati — global standards finalized for Vanilla, Coriander & Large Cardamom.
✅ Bathou Religion of the Bodo community (Assam) gets separate census code — marks official recognition of indigenous faith.
✅ WOL3D opens BRAHMA 3D Printing Farm (Mumbai) with 200+ printers producing 10,000 parts weekly.
✅ Ayodhya sets Guinness World Record — lights 2.6 million diyas on Diwali.
✅ India–EU hold 1st joint counter-terror exercise on drones (Manesar) focusing on UAS detection & neutralization.

📍 DEFENCE
✅ Rajnath Singh inaugurates Titanium & Superalloy Materials Plant (Lucknow) — strengthens Atmanirbhar push in aerospace & defence materials.
✅ Indian Navy launches 6th ASW Craft “Magdala” at Cochin Shipyard — adds to shallow-water anti-submarine fleet.
✅ India–South Korea conduct first bilateral naval exercise at Busan.
✅ India–UK Carrier Strike Group holds joint maritime drills in Indian Ocean.

📍 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
✅ India launches Global “AgXelerate” Platform to connect agri-innovators across 7 countries for regenerative farming and global market access.

📍 APPOINTMENTS
✅ Rodrigo Paz elected President of Bolivia.
✅ Sanae Takaichi becomes Japan’s first female Prime Minister.
✅ Nirmal Kumar Minda takes over as President, ASSOCHAM.

📍 AWARDS & SPORTS
✅ Lionel Messi wins 2025 MLS Golden Boot — 29 goals, 19 assists for Inter Miami.
✅ Abusupyan Kharkharov receives BRICS International Award 2025 for spiritual & cultural contributions at Russia’s State Duma.

#CurrentAffairs

https://www.tg-me.com/CurrentAffairs_ONLY

📍 IMPORTANT DAYS
✅ National Solidarity Day – 20 Oct (marking 1962 India–China War).
✅ Police Commemoration Day – 21 Oct.
✅ World Osteoporosis Day – 20 Oct | Theme: “It’s Unacceptable.”

https://www.tg-me.com/CurrentAffairs_ONLY