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✅ Here are the correct answers:


1⃣ A. smoking 2⃣ A. to play

3⃣ B. playing 4⃣ B. to join

5⃣ A. to feed 6⃣ B. to play

7⃣ B. answering 8⃣ B. to throw

9⃣ A. to lose 🔟 B. studying


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🔰The Passive


🔻We use the active form to say what the subject does. For example:

🔹I speak English every day at work.
🔹I repaired the flat tire on the car.

🔻We use the passive form to say what happens to people and things, to say what is done to them. For example:

🔹English is spoken here.
🔹The car is being repaired.

🔻We use the passive form when we don't know who did the action. For example:

🔹The car was damaged while it was parked on the street.
🔹The shirts were made in Turkey.

🔻We use the passive form when what was done is more important than who did it. For example:

🔹It was approved by Gerry last week.
🔹I was informed by the Human Resources Manager only two days ago.

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🔴Verbs not used in the passive


✨Not all verbs can have passive forms. Passive structures are impossible with intransitive verbs like die or arrive, which cannot have objects, because there is nothing to become the subject of a passive sentence.

✨Some transitive verbs, too, are seldom used in the passive. Most of these are 'stative verbs’ (verbs which refer to states, not actions). Examples are fit, have, lack, resemble, suit.

🔹They have a nice house. (but not A nice house is had by them.)

🔹My shoes don’t fit me. (but not I’m not fitted by my shoes.)

🔹Sylvia resembles a Greek goddess. (but not A Greek goddess is resembled by Sylvia.)

🔹Your mother lacks tact. (but not Tact is lacked by your mother.)

🔹She was having a bath. (but not A bath was being had by her.)

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🔴By + agent


✨Some past participles can be more like adjectives than verbs: for example shocked, worried, frightened. After these, we often use other prepositions instead of by. (And such structures are not really passives, but examples of be + adjective.)

🔹I was shocked at/by your attitude.

🔹We were worried about/by her silence.

🔹Are you frightened of spiders?

✨With is used when we talk about an instrument which is used by an agent to do an action.

🔹He was shot (by the policeman) with a rifle.

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🔴Verbs with two objects in the passive


Many verbs, such as give, send, show, lend, pay, promise, refuse, tell, offer, can be followed by two objects, an ‘indirect object' and a 'direct object’.

✨These usually refer to a person (indirect object) and a thing (direct object). Two structures are possible.

🅰️verb + indirect object + direct object

🔹She gave her sister the car.
🔹I had already shown the police officer Sam’s photo.

🅱️verb + direct object + preposition + indirect object

🔹She gave the car to her sister.
🔹I had already shown Sam’s photo to the police officer.

✨Both of these structures can be made passive.

🅰️indirect object becomes subject of passive verb

🔹Her sister was given the car.
🔹The police officer had already been shown Sam’s photo.

🅱️direct object becomes subject of passive verb

🔹The car was given to her sister.
🔹Sam’s photo had already been shown to the police officer

✨The choice between the two passive structures may depend on what has been said before, or on what needs to be put last in the sentence.

✨Structure 🅰️ (e.g. Her sister was given the car) is the more common of the two. More examples:

🔹I've just been sent a whole lot of information.
🔹You were lent ten thousand pounds last year.
🔹The visitors were shown a collection of old manuscripts.
🔹They are being paid a lot of money for doing very little.
🔹He was refused a visa because he had been in prison.
🔹We will never be told the real truth.
🔹How much have you been offered?

✨In structure 🅱️ (e.g. The car was given to her sister), prepositions are sometimes dropped before indirect object pronouns.

🔹This watch was given (to) me by myfather.

✨Explain and suggest cannot be used in structure 🅰️.

🔹The problem was explained to the children. (but not The children were the problem.)
🔹A meeting place was suggested to us. (but not We were suggested a meeting place.)

✨Note that prepositional phrases like 'to the police officer’ are not called ‘indirect objects’ in all grammars.

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🔴 Verbs with prepositions in the passive


1️⃣ The plan has been looked at carefully.

✨The objects of prepositional verbs can become subjects in passive structures.

🔹We have looked at the plan carefully.
👉🏻 The plan has been looked at carefully.

🔹Nobody listens to her.
👉🏻 She is never listened to.

🔹Somebody has paid for your meal.
👉🏻 Your meal has been paid for.

✨Note the word order. The preposition cannot be dropped.

🔹I don’t like to be shouted at. (not I don’t like to be shouted)

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2️⃣ Stones were thrown at him.


✨If there is already a direct object, the second object (after the preposition) cannot become a passive subject.

🔹They threw stones at him.
👉🏻 Stones were thrown at him. (but not He was thrown stones at.)

🔹They stole a bicycle from him.
👉🏻 A bicycle was stolen from him.

🔹They poured water on us.
👉🏻 Water was poured on us.

✨Note that possessive nouns or pronouns cannot become passive subjects, either.

🔹They called Mr Archer’s name.
👉🏻 Mr Archer’s name was called. (but not Mr Archer was name called.)

🔹I broke her mirror.
👉🏻 Her mirror was broken.

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3️⃣ give, send, etc


✨Verbs like give, send, lend can have two objects with no preposition:

🔹They gave him a gold watch.
👉🏻 He was given a gold watch.
👉🏻 A gold watch was given to him.

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Good afternoon, everybody. Wishing you a great time.🌸


📚THE PASSIVE quiz (multiple choice).


Good luck!🍀

#quiz