August 612 BC: The Assyrian capital city of Nineveh falls to the Babylonians and the forces of Medes, leading to the destruction of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, and the death of King Sinsharishkun (Painting by John Martin, 1829)
August 1480: After a 15 day siege of the Italian city of Otranto, invading Ottoman forces breach the walls and take the city. A total of 12,000 inhabitants are killed and 5,000 enslaved. This number includes 800+ Christians beheaded for refusing to convert to Islam after the city fell.
15 August 1461: The Empire of Trebizond surrenders to forces of Sultan Mehmed II, the last remnant of the Byzantine Empire to fall; Emperor David is exiled and later murdered