Telegram Web Link
33 Elephant Reserves

WhatsApp CLICK HERE
๐Ÿ‘3
๐Ÿ”†Mount Ibu Erupts in Indonesia

๐Ÿ“Recent Eruption
๐ŸŒ‹Mount Ibu, located on Halmahera Island, erupted, spewing an ash tower over 5 km high.
โš ๏ธAuthorities raised the alert level to the second-highest last week.
โœ…No damage or casualties were reported.

๐Ÿ“About Mount Ibu
๐Ÿ“Height: 1,325-meter stratovolcano with a truncated summit and nested craters.
๐ŸŒŽLocated in the Pacific Ring of Fire, known for intense volcanic activity.
๐Ÿ”ฅHistory of frequent eruptions with lava flows, ash plumes, and pyroclastic activity.

๐Ÿ“What are Stratovolcanoes?
๐Ÿ”Structure: Steep-sided cones formed by layers of viscous lava and ash.
๐ŸŒLocation: Found above subduction zones like the Ring of Fire.
๐Ÿ’ฅProne to explosive eruptions due to gas buildup in magma.
๐ŸŒ‹Make up 60% of Earthโ€™s volcanoes.

#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘17โค4๐Ÿคฏ1
๐ŸŒพ Indiaโ€™s Food Subsidy and Crop Production: Key Highlights

๐Ÿ“Š Food Subsidy Trends (2017โ€“2024)
โœ… 2017-18: โ‚น1,00,000 crore
โœ… 2018-19: โ‚น1,20,000 crore
โœ… 2019-20: โ‚น1,50,000 crore
โœ…2020-21:โ‚น6,00,000 crore(Peak)
โœ… 2021-22: โ‚น2,50,000 crore
โœ… 2022-23: โ‚น3,00,000 crore
โœ… 2023-24: โ‚น2,50,000 crore


๐ŸŒพ State-Wise Leading Crop Producers
โœ… Food Grains: Uttar Pradesh > Madhya Pradesh > Punjab
โœ… Millets: Rajasthan > Karnataka > Madhya Pradesh
โœ… Pulses: Madhya Pradesh > Maharashtra > Rajasthan
โœ… Oilseeds: Rajasthan > Madhya Pradesh > Gujarat

๐ŸŒฑ Major Crops Overview

๐ŸŒพ Rice
โœ… Global Producers: China > India
โœ… Leading States: Telangana > Uttar Pradesh > West Bengal
โœ… Temperature: 21โ€“37ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 100 cm+

๐ŸŒพ Wheat
โœ… Global Producers: China > India
โœ… Leading States: Uttar Pradesh > Madhya Pradesh > Punjab
โœ… Temperature: 10โ€“25ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 50โ€“75 cm

๐ŸŒฝ Maize
โœ… Global Producers: USA
โœ… Leading States: Karnataka > Bihar > Madhya Pradesh
โœ… Temperature: 21โ€“27ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 50โ€“100 cm

๐ŸŒพ Sugarcane
โœ… Global Producers: Brazil > India
โœ… Leading States: Uttar Pradesh > Maharashtra > Karnataka
โœ… Temperature: 21โ€“27ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 75โ€“100 cm

๐ŸŒฟ Tea
โœ… Global Producers: China > India > Kenya
โœ… Leading States: Assam > West Bengal > Tamil Nadu
โœ… Temperature: 20โ€“30ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 150โ€“300 cm

โ˜•๏ธ Coffee
โœ… Global Producers: Brazil
โœ… Leading States: Karnataka > Kerala > Tamil Nadu
โœ… Temperature: 15โ€“28ยฐC

๐ŸŒพ Cotton
โœ… Global Producers: China > India > USA
โœ… Leading States: Gujarat > Maharashtra > Telangana
โœ… Temperature: 21โ€“27ยฐC
โœ… Rainfall: 50โ€“100 cm

๐ŸŒฑ Other Important Crops

๐ŸŒฟ Groundnut
โœ… Global Producers: China > India
โœ… Leading States: Gujarat > Rajasthan > Madhya Pradesh

๐ŸŒป Sunflower
โœ… Global Producers: Ukraine
โœ… Leading States: Karnataka > Haryana > Odisha

๐ŸŒพ Rapeseed and Mustard: NEPAL
โœ… Leading States: Rajasthan > Uttar Pradesh > Madhya Pradesh

๐ŸŒพ Jute and Mesta
โœ… Global Producers: India > Bangladesh
โœ… Leading States: West Bengal > Bihar > Assam

๐ŸŒฑ Rubber
โœ… Global Producers: Thailand > Indonesia > India
โœ… Leading States: Kerala > Tripura > Karnataka
โœ… Temperature: 25ยฐC+
โœ… Rainfall: 200 cm+

#AGRICULTURE
๐Ÿ‘29๐Ÿ”ฅ4โค1
๐Ÿ”† Gandikota Canyon: The Grand Canyon of India
๐Ÿ“ Location
๐Ÿž The Gandikota Canyon, created by the Pennar River, is located in the Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh, India.
โœ… Over millions of years, the Pennar River eroded the rocks, carving a deep canyon with steep, jagged walls in shades of red, resembling the Grand Canyon in the US.
โœ… The Pennar River flows through Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh, making it a key river in South India.

๐Ÿ“ Cultural and Historical Significance
โœ… The canyon houses the 12th-century Gandikota Fort, which includes: House of the Drum, Charminar, Jail, and Red Koneru (a water tank).
โœ… Inside the fort, the Madhavaraya Swamy Temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu.


#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘14โค1
๐Ÿ”† Abu Musa, Greater Tunb, and Lesser Tunb Islands

๐Ÿ“ Location
โœ… The Greater Tunb and Lesser Tunb islands are located in the eastern Persian Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, a vital global trade route.
โœ… Abu Musa is another strategically important island in the region.

๐Ÿ“ Recent Context
โœ… Iran has summoned China's ambassador to protest a joint China-UAE statement regarding the sovereignty of these islands.
โœ… Iran has held control over these islands since 1971, a move that has been contested by the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

๐Ÿ“ Significance
โœ… Strategic Importance: Proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, through which 20% of global oil supply passes.
โœ… Geopolitical Tensions: Sovereignty disputes highlight the region's sensitive geopolitical dynamics.

๐Ÿ“ Current Status
โœ… Despite claims by the UAE, the islands remain under Iranian control, adding to the complexity of regional diplomacy.

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘12โค1
๐Ÿ”† The Blue Line: UN-Recognized Demarcation

๐Ÿ“ What is the Blue Line?
โœ… A 120-km United Nations-recognized demarcation, established in 2000 to mark the withdrawal of Israeli forces from southern Lebanon.

๐Ÿ“ Key Features
โœ… Separates Lebanon from Israel and the Golan Heights.
โœ… Not recognized as an official international border.
โœ… Marked by blue barrels, stretching from the Mediterranean Sea to the Golan Heights.

๐Ÿ“ Significance
โœ… Serves as a buffer zone to reduce conflicts between Lebanon and Israel.
โœ… Highlights the ongoing disputes in the Middle East over territorial boundaries.


#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘13โค3
๐Ÿ”†Goma:

โœ…The M23 rebel groupโ€™s recent offensive in the Democratic Republic of Congo has seized key areas in Goma, eastern DRC, drawing global attention.

Location:
โœ…Goma is the capital of North Kivu Province in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
โœ…It is situated on the northern shore of Lake Kivu, near the borders with Rwanda and Uganda.

๐Ÿ“The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC):

โœ…Location: The DRC is located in Central Africa and is the second-largest country in Africa by land area.
โœ…It shares borders with nine countries: Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Angola.

โœ…The M23 (March 23 Movement) is a rebel group primarily composed of ethnic Tutsis.

#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘15โค1
Ghaggar River:

โœ…The Ghaggar River is an intermittent river that flows in India and Pakistan (Hakra).
โœ…The river flows only during the monsoon season.
โœ…It originates in the Shivalik Hills of Himachal Pradesh and flows through Haryana and Rajasthan before disappearing into the Thar Desert.
โœ…This seasonal river feeds two irrigation canals that extend into Rajasthan.
โœ…The Hakra, which flows in Pakistan, is the continuation of the Ghaggar River in India, and they are together called the Ghaggar-Hakra River.
๐Ÿ“Historical Significance:
โœ…Several historians identify Ghaggar with the Vedic Saraswati River.
โœ…Along the banks of the Ghaggar River, many settlements of the Indus Valley Civilization have been excavated.
โœ…It is believed that the rivers Sutlej and Yamuna once flowed into the Ghaggar-Hakra river bed.
โœ…Tributaries: The main tributaries of the Ghaggar are the Kaushalya, Markanda, Sarsuti, Tangri and Chautang.

#River_Series
#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘10๐Ÿ”ฅ2โค1
Darfur Region:
โœ…Darfur is a region in western Sudan.
It lies between Kordofan to the east and Wadai to the west and extended southward to the Al-Ghazฤl (Gazelle) River and northward to the Libyan Desert.
โœ…It consists of an immense rolling plain that has an area of approximately 440,000 sq.km.
โœ…The volcanic highlands of the Marrah Mountains dominate the central part of this plain.
โœ…It was an independent sultanate until annexed by Sudan in 1916.
โœ…The name โ€œDarfurโ€ is derived from โ€œdar fur,โ€ meaning โ€œthe land of the Furโ€ in Arabic.

#Places_in_news

Join @Mapping_prelims_mains
๐Ÿ‘7โค1
Kurdistan Region: Key Facts

๐Ÿ“ Country: Iraq (Semi-Autonomous)
๐Ÿ› Capital: Erbil
๐Ÿ“Œ Governorates: Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Dohuk, Halabja
๐Ÿ› Political Structure: Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) operates autonomously, but its authority is contested by Iraqโ€™s central government.

๐ŸŒ Borders:
๐Ÿ‡น๐Ÿ‡ท Turkey | ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ท Iran | ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡พ Syria | ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ถ Baghdad-controlled Iraq

๐Ÿ” Geographical Features:
๐Ÿ—ป Mountains: Zagros Mountains form natural borders with Iran & Turkey.
๐ŸŒŠ Rivers: Tigris & Greater Zab support agriculture & settlements.
๐ŸŒก Climate: Continentalโ€”hot summers, cold winters, shaped by mountainous terrain.

#mapping
๐Ÿ‘5
๐Ÿ”† Blue Holes: Natureโ€™s Mysterious Sinkholes

๐Ÿ“ What is a Blue Hole?
โœ… Blue holes are vertical, water-filled sinkholes found in coastal regions, formed when soluble rocks like limestone, marble, or gypsum collapse after being dissolved by surface water.
โœ… Famous examples include:
Dean's Blue Hole, Bahamas.
Dahab Blue Hole, Egypt.
Great Blue Hole, Belize.

๐Ÿ“ About Taam Ja' Blue Hole
โœ… Located in Chetumal Bay, off the southeast coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
โœ… Holds the title of the deepest known underwater sinkhole, extending at least 1,380 feet (420 meters) below sea level.
โœ… Scientists believe it may be connected to a complex network of submarine caves and tunnels.

๐Ÿ“ Significance of Blue Holes
โœ… Provide insight into geological processes and marine ecosystems.
โœ… Act as time capsules, preserving ancient fossils and climate data.
โœ… Offer opportunities for scientific exploration and discovery.

#Geography
๐Ÿ‘9๐Ÿคฏ1
2025/07/11 18:55:46
Back to Top
HTML Embed Code: