🔆 Issues in Handling Left Wing Extremism/Naxalism

📍 Operational & Strategic Challenges
✅ Negligence of established Standard Operating Procedures (SOP): Leads to security personnel deaths.
➤ Example: In Jan 2025, Naxalites killed 8 DRG personnel + 1 driver in Bijapur, Chhattisgarh.
➤ Insufficient intelligence backup

✅ Structural deficits and deficiencies: IPS officers posted to senior CRPF roles without field experience.

✅ Laundering of funds: Naxal leaders (esp. Bihar, Jharkhand) invest extorted money in movable & immovable properties.

✅ Inefficient technology: Current tech can’t detect deep-planted mines—leads to casualties.

✅ Complex locations: Dense forests & hilly terrain make operations harder.

✅ Delay in acquisition of technology: Out of 157 sanctioned MPVs, only 13 delivered to CAPFs by Ordnance Factory Board.

✅ Unfamiliar area: Central Forces lack local language & terrain knowledge—limits effectiveness.

#security

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🔆 India’s Demographic Dividend

📍 Key Facts
✅ The term “Demographic Dividend” describes economic expansion due to a distribution shift of the population’s age.

✅ India currently has 62.5% of its population between the ages of 15 and 59. This percentage is steadily rising and will reach its peak around 2036 (65%).

✅ Demographic dividend availability began in 2005–2006 and will continue until 2055–2056.

✅ The Economic Survey 2018–19 predicts that India’s Demographic Dividend will reach its peak around 2041 when 59% of the population will be of working age, or 20–59 years old.

✅ India has one of the youngest populations with a median age of just 28 years, compared to China (37 years), Western Europe (45 years), and Japan (49 years).

✅ Bulge in working-age population: India’s working-age population (15–64 years) has grown larger than the dependent population (below 14 and above 65 years) since 2018. This bulge is expected to last till 2055. (UNFPA Report)

#society

NITI Aayog Completed 10 Years of its Foundation in January 2025

Indian Star Tortoise (Geochelone elegans)

🔱 Shankaracharya Temple, Kashmir

📍 Location & Elevation
✅ Situated on the Zabarwan Range in Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir.
✅ Stands at an elevation of 1100 feet above sea level.
✅ Dedicated to Lord Shiva, making it an important center of Shaivism.

📜 Historical Significance
✅ Named after Adi Shankaracharya, who visited the site and revived Advaita Vedanta (Non-dualism).
✅ Believed to have been originally built by Jaluka (son of Ashoka) and later renovated by Lalitaditya Muktapida of the Karkota dynasty.
✅ Persian inscriptions suggest renovations by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in the 17th century.
✅ One of the oldest Hindu shrines in Kashmir, deeply tied to Shaivism traditions.

🔗 Adi Shankaracharya’s Contributions
✅ Revival of Hinduism: Established four mathas in Dwarka, Joshimath, Puri, and Sringeri.
✅ Key Philosophical Works:
•Bhaja Govindam – Philosophical teachings in poetic form.
•Bhashyas (Commentaries) – On the Vedas, Upanishads, Bhagavad Gita, and Brahma Sutras.
•Advaita Vedanta – Stressed the unity of Atman (soul) with Brahman (supreme reality).

📰 Recent Updates
✅ PM Modi visited the temple, highlighting its spiritual and cultural significance.
✅ The temple is being developed under the PRASAD scheme to boost religious tourism in Kashmir.

🔖 #ShankaracharyaTemple #Kashmir #AdiShankaracharya #SanatanDharma #IndianHeritage #AdvaitaVedanta #SpiritualIndia

🔆 Resolving Ethical Dilemma in Governance (UPSC 2018)

📍 Ethical dilemma can be solved by keeping following key aspects in mind:
✅ The Rule of Law and Legality: The rule of law is essential in politics and society, and adhering to the principles of legitimacy is crucial when exercising authority. The law sets the minimum ethical standard and aids decision-making during ethical dilemmas.
✅ Giving Priority to the Public Interest: Public officials should prioritize the public’s welfare over their own self-interest when making decisions or taking actions.
✅ Impartiality: Public servants should remain unbiased when faced with ethical dilemmas and make decisions without favouritism.
✅ Thorough Assessment: Ethical dilemmas should be carefully evaluated by considering all available options and selecting the decision that maximises the well-being of the majority.
✅ Fusion: Integrating individual, organisational, and societal goals helps alleviate ethical dilemmas, as a suitable choice can align with all these objectives.

Art and Culture

Fundamental Particles or Elementary Particles

Uttarakhand has become the first Indian state to implement the Uniform Civil Code