🔈 There is currently a problem with the creation of alerts from v3 scripts using
👉🏼 If you can avoid it, don't delete existing alerts created from v3 scripts, as you will not be able to recreate them.
alertcondition(). The TV team is aware of it and working on a solution, but we have no ETA yet. In the meantime, the only known workaround is to convert scripts to v4.👉🏼 If you can avoid it, don't delete existing alerts created from v3 scripts, as you will not be able to recreate them.
💪 #tip
Functions and built-ins used in `if` or ternary (`?`) blocks
An important change to the way conditional statement blocks are evaluated was introduced with v4 of Pine. Many coders are not aware of it or do not understand its implications. This User Manual section explains the change and provides a list of exceptions for functions/built-ins which are NOT affected by the constraints. We'll explain what's happening here, and how to avoid the problems caused by code that does not take the change into account.
This is what's happening:
🔷 1. Starting in Pine v4, both blocks of conditional statements are no longer executed on every bar. By "both blocks", we mean the part executed when the conditional expression evaluates to
🔷 2. Many functions/built-ins need to execute on every bar to return correct results. Think of a rolling average like
This is the PineCoders "If Law":
🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸 🔸🔸🔸
Whenever an
🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸
While this can easily be forgotten in the creative excitement of coding your latest idea, you will save yourself lots of pain by understanding and remembering this. This is a major change from previous versions of Pine. It has far-reaching consequences and not structuring code along these lines can have particularly pernicious consequences because the resulting incorrect behavior is sometimes discrete (appearing only here and there) and random.
To avoid problems, you need to be on the lookout for 2 conditions:
🔷 Condition A)
A conditional expression that can only be evaluated with incoming, new bar information (i.e., using series variables like
🔷 Condition B)
When condition A is met, and the
In this FAQ & Code entry you will see an example where an apparently inoffensive built-in like
Functions and built-ins used in `if` or ternary (`?`) blocks
An important change to the way conditional statement blocks are evaluated was introduced with v4 of Pine. Many coders are not aware of it or do not understand its implications. This User Manual section explains the change and provides a list of exceptions for functions/built-ins which are NOT affected by the constraints. We'll explain what's happening here, and how to avoid the problems caused by code that does not take the change into account.
This is what's happening:
🔷 1. Starting in Pine v4, both blocks of conditional statements are no longer executed on every bar. By "both blocks", we mean the part executed when the conditional expression evaluates to
true, and the one (if it exists) to be executed when the expression evaluates to false.🔷 2. Many functions/built-ins need to execute on every bar to return correct results. Think of a rolling average like
sma() or a function like highest(). If they miss values along the way, it's easy to see how they won't calculate properly.This is the PineCoders "If Law":
🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸 🔸🔸🔸
Whenever an
if or ternary's (?) conditional expression can be evaluated differently bar to bar, all functions used in the conditional statement's blocks not in the list of exceptions need to be pre-evaluated prior to entry in the if statement, to ensure they are executed on each bar. 🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸🔸
While this can easily be forgotten in the creative excitement of coding your latest idea, you will save yourself lots of pain by understanding and remembering this. This is a major change from previous versions of Pine. It has far-reaching consequences and not structuring code along these lines can have particularly pernicious consequences because the resulting incorrect behavior is sometimes discrete (appearing only here and there) and random.
To avoid problems, you need to be on the lookout for 2 conditions:
🔷 Condition A)
A conditional expression that can only be evaluated with incoming, new bar information (i.e., using series variables like
close). This excludes expressions using values of literal, const, input or simple forms because they do not change during the script's execution, and so when you use them, the same block in the if statement is guaranteed to execute on every bar. [Read this if you are not familiar with Pine forms and types.]🔷 Condition B)
When condition A is met, and the
if block(s) contain(s) functions or built-ins NOT in the list of exceptions, i.e., which require evaluation on every bar to return a correct result, then condition B is also met.In this FAQ & Code entry you will see an example where an apparently inoffensive built-in like
vwap is used in a ternary. vwap is not in the list of exceptions, and so when condition A is realized, it will require evaluation prior to entry in the if block. You can flip between 3 modes: #1 where condition A is fulfilled and #2 and #3 where it is not. You will see how the unshielded value ("upVwap2" in the thick line) will produce incorrect results when mode 1 is used.🌲 #newfeature
Compiler warnings
Warning messages are now issued in certain circumstances when you add a script to a chart. This is one example, for cases where you initialize a new instance of a global variable in a local scope with
Here is an example of code that will generate a warning when you add it to a chart:
Compiler warnings
Warning messages are now issued in certain circumstances when you add a script to a chart. This is one example, for cases where you initialize a new instance of a global variable in a local scope with
= instead of assigning the global scope variable a new value using :=. We called those "silent killers" because they were rarely intentional, yet sometimes difficult to spot when debugging code.Here is an example of code that will generate a warning when you add it to a chart:
//@version=4In this case, variable
study("")
a = 1
if close > open
a = 2
plot(a)
a will never plot with a value of 2 because it is initialized in the if statement's local scope and disappears from view when the block ends. The coder's intention would have required, instead://@version=4
study("")
a = 1
if close > open
a := 2
plot(a)
🐞⚔️ #bugfix
A plot's name will now show as a label in the scale, even when there is only one plot.
A plot's name will now show as a label in the scale, even when there is only one plot.
🌲 #newfeature
Change to `input()`'s `type = input.resolution` widget
A new feature of the resolution widget allows the selection of the chart's timeframe ("Same as Symbol"). This code shows how to use it, including how to make the chart's resolution the default.
It is no longer necessary to use the previous acrobatics required to include "No Higher Timeframe" as an option for users of our scripts:
Change to `input()`'s `type = input.resolution` widget
A new feature of the resolution widget allows the selection of the chart's timeframe ("Same as Symbol"). This code shows how to use it, including how to make the chart's resolution the default.
It is no longer necessary to use the previous acrobatics required to include "No Higher Timeframe" as an option for users of our scripts:
//@version=4
study("type = input.resolution", "", true)
r_ = input("", type = input.resolution)
r = r_ == "" ? timeframe.period : r_
c = security(syminfo.tickerid, r, close)
plot(c)
🌲 #newfeature
Financials are now available from Pine
Note that calls to
https://www.tradingview.com/blog/en/built-in-financial-functions-and-metrics-in-pine-17491/
Financials are now available from Pine
Note that calls to
financial() add to the count of security() calls for the script.https://www.tradingview.com/blog/en/built-in-financial-functions-and-metrics-in-pine-17491/
TradingView Blog
We’re Adding Built-In Financial Functions and Metrics to Pine
Latest Updates to Track All Markets
🔈 #news
PineCoders has added two new functions to our How to avoid repainting when using security() - PineCoders FAQ script.
They make it safer to user
PineCoders has added two new functions to our How to avoid repainting when using security() - PineCoders FAQ script.
They make it safer to user
security() to avoid repainting:f_secureSecurity(_symbol, _res, _src)
f_security(_symbol, _res, _src, _repaint)
TradingView
How to avoid repainting when using security() - PineCoders FAQ — Indicator by PineCoders
NOTE
The non-repainting technique in this publication that relies on bar states is now deprecated, as we have identified inconsistencies that undermine its credibility as a universal solution. The outputs that use the technique are still available for reference…
The non-repainting technique in this publication that relies on bar states is now deprecated, as we have identified inconsistencies that undermine its credibility as a universal solution. The outputs that use the technique are still available for reference…
🔈 #news
New functions and a few other improvements have been made to our Color Gradient (16 colors) Framework - PineCoders FAQ script. They allow for more precise control over gradients, when it is needed. See:
New functions and a few other improvements have been made to our Color Gradient (16 colors) Framework - PineCoders FAQ script. They allow for more precise control over gradients, when it is needed. See:
f_gradientAdvPro(_source, _center, _gran, _start, _end, _c_bull, _c_bear)
f_gradientRelativePro(_source, _min, _max, _start, _end, _c_bull, _c_bear)
f_color(_c, _g)
🔈 #news
For the quants out there, a new script publication by alexgrover to evaluate filters.
https://www.tradingview.com/script/oTEP9DJF-Filter-Information-Box-PineCoders-FAQ/
For the quants out there, a new script publication by alexgrover to evaluate filters.
https://www.tradingview.com/script/oTEP9DJF-Filter-Information-Box-PineCoders-FAQ/
TradingView
Filter Information Box - PineCoders FAQ — Indicator by PineCoders
When designing filters it can be interesting to have information about their characteristics, which can be obtained from the set of filter coefficients (weights). The following script analyzes the impulse response of a filter in order to return the following…
💪 #tip
Books
We have a short list of books on trading systems and techniques here:
https://www.pinecoders.com/books/
Books
We have a short list of books on trading systems and techniques here:
https://www.pinecoders.com/books/
💪 #tip
How to format values to tick precision with `tostring()`
We have a very useful new
How to format values to tick precision with `tostring()`
We have a very useful new
f_tickFormat() function that does this in our FAQ. Kudos to DayTradingOil for the original idea.🐞⚔️ #bugfix
There was a bug with the
https://www.tradingview.com/x/wxstnMDz/
💪 #tip
Keep in mind that to prevent fills between plots you have 2 options:
1. Plot
2. Set the fill's color to
fill()There was a bug with the
fill() function where if you plotted a single value surrounded by na values, it could not be filled. The fill shown here would not appear before. Now it does.https://www.tradingview.com/x/wxstnMDz/
💪 #tip
Keep in mind that to prevent fills between plots you have 2 options:
1. Plot
na on one of the 2 plots or both.2. Set the fill's color to
na conditionally.