OBDURATE
ˈɑːbdərət

упрямый, закоснелый, черствый, ожесточенный

•obdurate refusal — категорический отказ
•They argued, but he remained obdurate.▫️Они поспорили, но он остался непреклонным.
•He is known for his obdurate determination.▫️Он известен своей непоколебимой решительностью.
•The child's misery would move even the most obdurate heart.▫️Страдания этого ребёнка затронут даже самое ожесточённое сердце.

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PROCLIVITY
prəˈklɪvətɪ

склонность, наклонность

•proclivity to catch cold — склонность к простудам
•He has a proclivity for exaggeration.▫️У него есть склонность к преувеличениям.
•He showed artistic proclivities at an early age.▫️Он с ранних лет проявлял художественные наклонности.
•The child showed no proclivity towards aggression.▫️Ребенок не проявлял склонности к агрессии

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VERISIMILITUDE
ˌverɪsɪˈmɪlɪtuːd

правдоподобие

•the verisimilitude of the tale — правдоподобие этого рассказа
•beyond the bounds of verisimilitude — совершенно неправдоподобный
•They are but shadows of fact - verisimilitudes, not verities.▫️Это лишь тени факта - не правда, а правдоподобие.
•The novel's degree of verisimilitude is compromised by 18th-century characters who speak in very 21st-century English.▫️Правдоподобие романа скомпрометировано персонажами восемнадцатого века, которые говорят на языке века двадцать первого.

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PENUMBRA
pəˈnʌmbrə

полутень, полусвет; полумрак

•eclipse penumbra — область полутени при затмении
•penumbra field — область полутени
•A penumbra of despair fell over the doomed city.▫️Тень отчаяния опустилась на обреченный город.
•The lunar eclipse began with a subtle darkening of the lunar surface as it passed within the Earth's penumbra.▫️Лунное затмение началось с лёгкого потемнения поверхности Луны, которая проходила в земной полутени.

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QUESTION

Is it grammatically correct to replace “let” with “make” in the following sentence, “She didn’t let me go to the party last night.”?

Yes, the sentence will be grammatically correct if one verb is replaced by the other, but it should be understood that the meaning of the sentence will be reversed. “Let” means “allow,” but “make” means “force.”

#Frank_Dauenhauer
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FELICITY
fəˈlɪsətɪ

счастье, блаженство, меткость, удачность, счастливое умение

•express oneself with felicity — очень удачно выразиться; найти подобающие слова
•beam with felicity — сиять от счастья
•Love is not always productive of felicity.▫️Любовь не всегда приносит блаженство.
•I wish you every felicity.▫️Желаю Вам всяческих благ.
•I've always admired his felicity with words.▫️Я всегда восхищался тем, как умело он обращается со словами.

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PERFIDIOUS
pərˈfɪdɪəs

вероломный, предательский

•perfidious manoeuvres — коварные интриги
•perfidious ally — коварный союзник
•We were betrayed by a perfidious ally.▫️Мы были преданы коварным союзником.
•A perfidious campaign worker revealed the senator's strategy to his leading rival for the nomination.▫️Какой-то вероломный член избирательной кампании раскрыл стратегию сенатора его основному конкуренту в борьбе за выдвижение.

⭕️Unknown

AMELIORATE
əˈmiːlɪəreɪt

улучшать, улучшаться, окультуривать

•Doctors say his condition has ameliorated.▫️Доктора говорят, что его состояние улучшилось.
•We should consider ways of ameliorating the situation.▫️Мы должны обсудить пути улучшения ситуации.
•It is not clear what can be done to ameliorate the situation.▫️Непонятно, что можно сделать для улучшения ситуации.
•This medicine should help ameliorate the pain.▫️Это лекарство должно помочь облегчить боль.

⭕️Unknown

QUESTION

Whats the difference between "my flight leaves at 9 PM" and "my flight is leaving at 9 PM"?

Let me expand your question to five commonest sentence forms so that we’re not forced to think like on a desert island (= in isolation):—
My flight leaves at 9PM. (1)
My flight is leaving at 9PM. (2)
My flight will leave at 9PM. (3)
My flight is going to leave at 9PM. (4)
My flight will be leaving at 9PM. (5)

All five sentences convey the same basic information — the flight is set to depart at 9 p.m.
The short answer:—
In most ordinary conversations, sentences 1, 2, 3 and 4 are pragmatically interchangeable.
Sentence 5 is for a specific situation where you want to emphasise the activity happening at that future time.
Why?
It’s about knowing your tenses and their USAGE functions.
My flight leaves at 9PM. (1)

This (the Simple Present) is the most straightforward and common way to express a scheduled event. It’s used for timetables and schedules. It’s very matter-of-fact and definite.
My flight is leaving at 9PM. (2)

This (the Present Continuous) also refers to a scheduled future event. It adds a slight sense of immediacy or a personal connection to the event. It’s like you’re closer to the departure time (or more focused on it).
My flight will leave at 9PM. (3)

This (the Simple Future or Future Objective) expresses a simple future fact. It’s a general statement about the future. It can sound a bit more formal than the others.
My flight is going to leave at 9PM. (4)

This (the Going-to Future or Future Intentional) expresses a future intention or a plan. It implies the arrangement has already been made. It’s a bit more emphatic than the Simple Present, the Present Continuous or the Simple Future.
My flight will be leaving at 9PM. (5)

This (the Future Continuous) focuses on a SPECIFIC TIME in the future (the flight’s departure time). It can also imply that the departure itself is part of a larger plan or series of events. It’s also usable to emphasise what you’ll be doing at that specific time — as in “I’ll be having dinner at 7 p.m. and my flight will be leaving at 9 p.m.”

#Robert_Charles_Lee
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SCINTILLA
sɪnˈtɪlə

искра, крупица, проблеск

•not a scintilla of gratitude — ни капли признательности
•scintilla of truth — крупица истины
•not a scintilla of — ни намёка на; ни капельки; ни капли
•There is not a scintilla of evidence for your outrageous claims.▫️Нет ни малейших доказательств в поддержку ваших возмутительных утверждений.

⭕️Unknown

REVERIE
ˈrevərɪ

мечтательность, мечты, мечтания

•plunge into a reverie — впасть в задумчивость
•be lost in reverie — погрузиться в задумчивость; погрузиться в мечты; мечтать
•indulge in reverie — предаваться грезам; предаваться мечтам;
•I was lost in reverie and didn't realize my flight was boarding until it was almost too late.▫️Я замечтался, и лишь в самый последний момент понял, что посадка на мой рейс уже заканчивается.
•She was startled out of her reverie by a loud crash.▫️Из задумчивости её вывел внезапный грохот.
•Enwrapped in my own reverie, I failed to notice the coworker standing outside my cubicle.▫️Погружённый в свои мысли, я не заметил коллегу, стоявшего около моей кабинки

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EXCORIATE
ˌeksˈkɔːrɪeɪt

ссадить, устраивать разнос, подвергать суровой критике

•an excoriating review in The Times — разгромная рецензия в газете "Таймс"
•excoriate a social order — резко критиковать общественный строй
•The candidates have publicly excoriated each other throughout the campaign.▫️На протяжении всей кампании кандидаты публично подвергали друг друга резкой критике.
•He was excoriated as a racist.▫️Его подвергли резкой критике как расиста.

⭕️Unknown

QUESTION

Is it correct to say "somebody who isn't I" instead of "me"?

It is technically correct, but almost nobody says that in current Standard English.
Over time, the use of “me” after the verb “to be” has replaced the use of “I”, and “me” is now considered the standard form. “Me” is the standard way of referring to oneself as a non-subject. In other words, we refer to ourselves as “I” only if we are the subject of the sentence. Otherwise, we use “me”.
For example, if you are showing someone a photograph of yourself when you were much younger and looked different, you might say to that person:
That’s me when I was a teenager. (→ Notice the switch from “me” to “I”.)
If you knock on a door and the person on the other side of the door says “Who is it?” you respond:
It’s me.
If you are comparing yourself with someone else in terms of height, you might say something like:
My sister is shorter than me.
Technically, in all of these situations, the correct pronoun is “I”. However, we no longer use the technically correct pronoun. This is just how the English language has changed over time. There is no logical reason for it. That is just the way it is.

#Mike_Mendis
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CIRCUMLOCUTION
ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn

околичности, многоречивость, иносказание, уклончивые речи

•I'm trying to avoid circumlocutions in my writing.▫️Я стараюсь избегать ненужного многословия на письме.
•He was criticized for his use of circumlocution.▫️Его критиковали за использование околичностей.

⭕️Unknown

SUSCEPTIBLE
səˈseptəbl

восприимчивый, чувствительный, впечатлительный, поддающийся

•susceptible to diseases — восприимчивый к болезням
•be susceptible to flattery — быть падким на лесть
•Well-stretched muscles are less susceptible to injury.▫️Хорошо растянутые мышцы менее подвержены травмам.
•The old and the infirm are the most susceptible to this disease.▫️Этой болезни наиболее подвержены пожилые и хронически больные люди.
•Some people are more susceptible to depression during the winter because of reduced exposure to sunlight.▫️Зимой некоторые люди более подвержены депрессии из-за пониженного воздействия солнечного света.

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NADIR
ˈneɪdɪr

самый низкий уровень, крайний упадок

•to be at the nadir of one's hope — терять всякую надежду
•By 1932, the depression had reached its nadir.▫️К 1932 году депрессия достигла своего максимума.
•The relationship between the two countries reached a nadir in the 1920s.▫️В 1920-х годах отношения между двумя странами были хуже некуда /достигли низшей точки/.
•...the discussion really reached its nadir when people resorted to name-calling...▫️...обсуждение достигло своего дна, когда люди перешли на личности (начали оскорблять друг друга)...

⭕️Unknown

QUESTION

What is the difference between "I feel like playing football” and “I feel like to play football"?

“I feel like playing football” is grammatically correct, and it is the only way to express the idea. The word “like” in this case is a preposition, and as a preposition it needs to be followed by an object. The object of a preposition is a noun or anything that can do the word of a noun, such as a pronoun or a gerund (“VERB+ing”).
The preposition “like” is never followed in English by an infinitive (“to + VERB”), so “I feel like to play football” is ungrammatical. It is just not possible in English.

It is important to keep in mind that “like” is actually two different words: (1) “like” (meaning “similar to”)—a preposition; and (2) “to like”—a verb.
When “like” is used as a verb, we can use an infinitive after it. Here are some examples:

• I like to play football.
• She likes to cook.
• They like to take walks in the park in the evening.

There is something else that you need to keep in mind. When we use “feel like”, the word “like” cannot be a verb, since the verb is “feel”, and we cannot have two verb together, one after the other. In “feel like”, the word “like” has nothing to do with the verb “to like”. It is a preposition. So, after “feel like” we simply cannot have “to + VERB”.

#Mike_Mendis
⭕️Unknown English

Милые женщины, поздравляем вас с этим весенним праздником и желаем вам счастья, любви и благополучия! 💐🌷🌹
Ваш 𝐕𝐞𝐫𝐲𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐥𝐢𝐬𝐡 ☕️

PERNICIOUS
pərˈnɪʃəs

пагубный, вредный, гибельный

•pernicious influence — пагубное влияние
•pernicious contraries — вредные примеси
•pernicious habit — вредная привычка
•She thinks television has a pernicious influence on our children.▫️Она думает, что телевидение оказывает пагубное влияние на наших детей.
•More pernicious still has been the acceptance of the author's controversial ideas by the general public.▫️Ещё более пагубным является принятие спорных идей автора широкой общественностью.

⭕️Unknown

BUCOLIC
bjuːˈkɑːlɪk

буколический, сельский

•a bucolic region where farms are still common — сельский регион, где фермы всё ещё распространены
•bucolic poetry — буколическая поэзия
•He enjoyed his happy, bucolic isolation.▫️Он наслаждался своим счастливым сельским уединением.
•Spenser is erroneously ranked as our earliest English bucolic.▫️Спенсера по ошибке считают ранним буколическим поэтом.

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