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Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
FR-CSM-2024-Engl-220425.pdf
656.4 KB
CSE 2024 final result
🔆Myristica swamps
✅Myristica swamps are unique freshwater swamp ecosystems dominated by trees of the Myristicaceae family, including nutmeg trees.
✅These swamps are found in specific regions of the Western Ghats, especially in Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa, and also in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
✅ They are characterized by stilt and knee roots that help trees adapt to waterlogged conditions.
✅These forests are characterized by trees with large protruding roots jutting out of waterlogged soil which remains inundated throughout the year.
They have evolved over millions of years and are comprised of old-growth trees.
✅Climatic conditions: The formation of these swamps is dependent on abiotic conditions like the shape of the valley between the forested hills, the amount of rainfall a place receives (with an average of 3000 mm), and water availability throughout the year
#gs3
#prelims
#enviroment
@upsc_4_environment
✅Myristica swamps are unique freshwater swamp ecosystems dominated by trees of the Myristicaceae family, including nutmeg trees.
✅These swamps are found in specific regions of the Western Ghats, especially in Kerala, Karnataka, and Goa, and also in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
✅ They are characterized by stilt and knee roots that help trees adapt to waterlogged conditions.
✅These forests are characterized by trees with large protruding roots jutting out of waterlogged soil which remains inundated throughout the year.
They have evolved over millions of years and are comprised of old-growth trees.
✅Climatic conditions: The formation of these swamps is dependent on abiotic conditions like the shape of the valley between the forested hills, the amount of rainfall a place receives (with an average of 3000 mm), and water availability throughout the year
#gs3
#prelims
#enviroment
@upsc_4_environment
🔆Jwaneng Diamond Mine
✅The Jwaneng Diamond Mine is the richest diamond mine globally, with an estimated value of 1 billion euros.
✅Jwaneng Diamond Mine, dubbed the 'Prince of Mines,' is located in Botswana.
✅It is the world's richest diamond mine by value.
✅The mine lies on the edge of the Kalahari Desert.
✅It is situated in an ancient volcanic crater about 170 km southwest of Botswana's capital, Gaborone.
✅The mine is operated by Debswana, a joint venture between De Beers, a leading diamond company, and the Botswana government.
✅Jwaneng, which means "a place of gems" in Setswana, sits atop a kimberlite pipe, a volcanic formation that brings diamonds from deep within the Earth's mantle to the surface.
✅The mine's history dates back to the 1970s when De Beers discovered the site, and it has been operating since 1982.
✅Over the years, it has produced millions of carats of diamonds from its three main kimberlite pipes.
✅Jwaneng has played a crucial role in Botswana's economy. It is estimated that the mine's revenue has crossed $96 billion since its inception.
✅Mining at Jwaneng is highly advanced, with large drills loosening the rock, and trucks transporting it to a processing plant.
✅Here, diamonds are separated using state-of-the-art technologies like X-ray and laser sorters.
✅Jwaneng was the first in Botswana to receive ISO 14001 certification for its eco-friendly practices.
#prelims
#geography
✅The Jwaneng Diamond Mine is the richest diamond mine globally, with an estimated value of 1 billion euros.
✅Jwaneng Diamond Mine, dubbed the 'Prince of Mines,' is located in Botswana.
✅It is the world's richest diamond mine by value.
✅The mine lies on the edge of the Kalahari Desert.
✅It is situated in an ancient volcanic crater about 170 km southwest of Botswana's capital, Gaborone.
✅The mine is operated by Debswana, a joint venture between De Beers, a leading diamond company, and the Botswana government.
✅Jwaneng, which means "a place of gems" in Setswana, sits atop a kimberlite pipe, a volcanic formation that brings diamonds from deep within the Earth's mantle to the surface.
✅The mine's history dates back to the 1970s when De Beers discovered the site, and it has been operating since 1982.
✅Over the years, it has produced millions of carats of diamonds from its three main kimberlite pipes.
✅Jwaneng has played a crucial role in Botswana's economy. It is estimated that the mine's revenue has crossed $96 billion since its inception.
✅Mining at Jwaneng is highly advanced, with large drills loosening the rock, and trucks transporting it to a processing plant.
✅Here, diamonds are separated using state-of-the-art technologies like X-ray and laser sorters.
✅Jwaneng was the first in Botswana to receive ISO 14001 certification for its eco-friendly practices.
#prelims
#geography
Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
🔆Odisha Government notified Similipal Tiger Reserve as a National Park
✅It is the 107th National Park and the second in Odisha, after the Bhitarkanika
📍Similipal Forest
✅Mayurbhanj District of Odisha in Chottanagpur region.
Major Rivers: Burhabalanga, Palpala Bandan, Salandi, Kahairi, and Deo.
✅Similipal is also protected as a Wildlife Sanctuary, a Tiger Reserve (under Project Tiger), a Biosphere Reserve (under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme, since 2009), and forms part of Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve.
📍National Park?
✅It is an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, given the highest protection to conserve its wildlife and environment by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological importance.
✅No human activity is permitted inside the national park, except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state.
✅Also, under the Forest Right Act of 2006, certain tribal groups are permitted to live inside the National Parks.
✅Notification: By the State Governments under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
✅However, once notified, no alteration of the boundaries can be done by the State Government, except on a recommendation of the National Board for Wildlife.
#gs3
#prelims
#environment
✅It is the 107th National Park and the second in Odisha, after the Bhitarkanika
📍Similipal Forest
✅Mayurbhanj District of Odisha in Chottanagpur region.
Major Rivers: Burhabalanga, Palpala Bandan, Salandi, Kahairi, and Deo.
✅Similipal is also protected as a Wildlife Sanctuary, a Tiger Reserve (under Project Tiger), a Biosphere Reserve (under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme, since 2009), and forms part of Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve.
📍National Park?
✅It is an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, given the highest protection to conserve its wildlife and environment by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, or zoological importance.
✅No human activity is permitted inside the national park, except for the ones permitted by the Chief Wildlife Warden of the state.
✅Also, under the Forest Right Act of 2006, certain tribal groups are permitted to live inside the National Parks.
✅Notification: By the State Governments under the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.
✅However, once notified, no alteration of the boundaries can be done by the State Government, except on a recommendation of the National Board for Wildlife.
#gs3
#prelims
#environment