Correct Answer - B
Ans. (B) Right atrium

External features of heart
The heart has following borders and surfaces :-

A) Borders Right border :- Formed by right atrium.
Left border (obtuse margin):- Formed mainly by left ventricle and
partly by left auricle (in its upper most part).
Inferior border (acute margin):- Formed mainly by right ventricle and partly by left ventricle near apex.

Upper border :- Mainly by left atrium and partly by right atrium where SVC enters.
Apex :- Formed by left ventricle.

B) Surfaces
Anterior (sternocostal) surface :- Formed mostly by right ventricle
(major) and right auricle and partly by left ventricle and left auricle.
Inferior (diaphragmatic) surface :- It is formed by left ventricle (left
2/3) and right ventricle (right 1/3). It is traversed by posterior
interventricular groove (PIV) containing PIV branch of RCA

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Correct Answer - A
Ans. is '13' i.e., T4
Trachea bifurcates at carina, at the level of lower border of T4 or
T⁵ disc space.

Structure Cervico thoracic level
Tracheal bifurcation T4-T5

Arch of aorta Begins and ends at T4

Xiphoid process T9

Splenic axis Along 10th rib

Carotid bifurcation, Hyoid bone C3

Upper border of thyroid cartilage C4

Level of cricoids cartilage C6

Lumbar level
Celiac trunk T12 - L I
Superior mesenteric artery Ll
Transpyloric plane Lower border of Ll

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Correct Answer - D
Ans. is 'd' i.e., IV

The gall bladder lies on the inferior surface of the liver closely
related to segment IV or the quadrate lobe.

Anatomically liver is divided into a large right lobe and a small left
lobe by line of attachment of falciform ligament (anterosuperiorly), fissure for ligamentum teres (inferiorly), and fissure for ligamentum
venosum (posteriorly).
Right lobe is much larger and forms five sixth of liver and left lobe forms only one sixth.

Caudate lobe and quadrate lobe are parts of anatomical right lobe.

The physiological left lobe is composed of 4 segments designated Ito IV and is supplied by left branch of hepatic artery, left branch of portal vein and drained by left hepatic duct.

The physiological right lobe consists of segment V, VI, VII and VIII and is supplied by right hepatic artery, right branch of portal vein and drained by right hepatic duct

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Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Caudate lobe

Epiploic foramen (foramen of Winslow or aditus to lesser sac) is a slit-like opening through which lesser sac communicates with greater sac.

It is situated at the level of T12 vertebra.

Its boundaries are:-
Anterior:- Right free margin of lesser omentum (contains portal vein, hepatic artery proper and bile duct).
Posterior:- IVC, right suprarenal gland and T12 vertebra.
Superior:- Caudate lobe of the liver.
Inferior:- 1st part of the duodenum and horizontal part of the hepatic
artery

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Correct Answer - B
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lower border of T4

Trachea bifurcates at carina, at the level of lower border of T, or T4 -
T5 disc space.

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Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Towards metaphysis [Ref Textbook of general
anatomy p. 80]

Nutrient artery

It enters the middle of the shaft through a nutrient foramen, runs
obliquely through the cortex, and then divides into ascending and
desending branches that run towards metaphysis.

Each branch subdivides into a number of smaller parallel vessels
which enter the metaphysis and form hair-pin loops.

The loops anostomose with epiphyseal,metaphyseal and periosteal arteries.

Therefore, metaphysis is the most vascular zone of the long bone.

The nutrient artery supplies the medullary cavity and inner-two third of cortical bone of diaphysis and metaphysis

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Correct Answer - B
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Trochlear notch

Inner surface of olecranon process forms trochlear notch for
articulation of trochlea of humerus.

Radial notch is seen in lateral part of upper end of shaft (not on
olecronon).

Olecranon fossa and coronoid fossa are part of lower end of
humerus.

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Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cricopharynx

Inferior constrictor muscle has two parts :-

(i) Thyropharyngeous with oblique fibres, and
(ii) Cricopharyngeous
with transverse fibres.

Between these two parts of inferior constrictor exists a potential gap
called Killan's dehiscence. It is also called the gateway to tear as
perforation can occur at this site during esophagoscopy. It is also the site for herniation of pharyngeal mucosa in case of pharyngeal
pouch.

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Correct Answer - A
Portal vein

THE HEPATOBILIARY TRIANGLE OR CYSTOHEPATIC TRIANGLE OR CALOT'S TRIANGLE:

Boundaries:

Common hepatic duct medially
Cystic duct laterally
Inferior surface of liver superiorly

Contents:
Cystic artery
Right hepatic artery
Lymph node of Lund

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