Forwarded from Dem
BAFS你問我答channel
drawings嘅closing entry 係 Dr. Capital Cr. Drawings 性質係似contra set off。但capital性質係real account，而且drawings每年都會做closing(否則會accumulate左每年drawings)，所以drawings nominal account。
所以nominal就係會close off
Personal就只係AR or AP
而real就係會c/d?
Personal就只係AR or AP
而real就係會c/d?
Forwarded from KC T
BAFS你問我答channel
所以nominal就係會close off Personal就只係AR or AP 而real就係會c/d?
我自己係咁教，但我知出面有啲老師係會教drawings personal ac😂
因為personal ac係舊制產物，考評局係DSE下未indicate係咪接受drawings personal呢個做法。
但基於(i) drawings年底會close (nominal做法); (ii) personal ac 有更合適例子（TR/TP)，如果題目要舉例personal ac，我就唔會寫drawings
因為personal ac係舊制產物，考評局係DSE下未indicate係咪接受drawings personal呢個做法。
但基於(i) drawings年底會close (nominal做法); (ii) personal ac 有更合適例子（TR/TP)，如果題目要舉例personal ac，我就唔會寫drawings
Forwarded from its okay to be sad
AFDA account 係未Dr - Cr +?🙏
bad debts written off entry :
Dr AFDA -
cr TR -
點解要Debit 扣個AFDA?
bad debts written off entry :
Dr AFDA -
cr TR -
點解要Debit 扣個AFDA?
Forwarded from Jiho🌹
BAFS你問我答channel
AFDA account 係未Dr - Cr +?🙏 bad debts written off entry : Dr AFDA - cr TR - 點解要Debit 扣個AFDA?
Let’s do it this way.
Assuming allowance as at 31 December 2022 is $50,000, which means $50,000 of debts are estimated to be not recoverable.
What we do here will be:
Dr Bad Debts (as an expense) $50,000
Cr AFDD (contra asset) $50,000
Now is 2 February 2023. A customer owing you $30,000 declares bankruptcy.
What we do here will be:
Dr AFDD $30,000
Cr T/R $30,000
Two points arise here:
(a) Bad debts account is not involved in this case. This is because bad debts have been taken into account, recorded in, and therefore matched with, the year ended 31 December 2022.
(b) Once the T/R has been removed from the books, there is no longer a need to record the corresponding allowance. That’s why we debit AFDD here.
Assuming allowance as at 31 December 2022 is $50,000, which means $50,000 of debts are estimated to be not recoverable.
What we do here will be:
Dr Bad Debts (as an expense) $50,000
Cr AFDD (contra asset) $50,000
Now is 2 February 2023. A customer owing you $30,000 declares bankruptcy.
What we do here will be:
Dr AFDD $30,000
Cr T/R $30,000
Two points arise here:
(a) Bad debts account is not involved in this case. This is because bad debts have been taken into account, recorded in, and therefore matched with, the year ended 31 December 2022.
(b) Once the T/R has been removed from the books, there is no longer a need to record the corresponding allowance. That’s why we debit AFDD here.
Forwarded from 黑暗榮耀
想問下個rental premium ,點解會係Dr ? 仲有點解會搣甩24個月？ 唔係應該Cr 12個月咩？🤔🙇♀🙇♀🙇♀
Forwarded from 學海無涯 回頭是岸
其實可以簡單諗，
✅正確
(1)
Dr. Rental premium $60,000
Cr. Bank $60,000
年尾：12個月計今年，24個月計作 Prepayment
Dr. Rental expense $20,000
Cr. Rental premium $20,000
(2)
Dr. Rental deposit $30,000
Cr. Bank $30,000
(3)
第一步：記錄實際支付金額
Dr. Rental expense $150,000
Cr. Bank $150,000
第二步：
Adjustment:
effective rent for current fiscal year
= $15,000 x 34/36 x 12
= $170,000
Dr. Rental expense $20,000
Cr. Accrued expense $20,000
（記錄實際支付金額與 incurred amount 的差額）
❌ 錯誤：題目做了什麽？
Dr. Rental expense $240,000
Cr. Bank $240,000
✅正確
(1)
Dr. Rental premium $60,000
Cr. Bank $60,000
年尾：12個月計今年，24個月計作 Prepayment
Dr. Rental expense $20,000
Cr. Rental premium $20,000
(2)
Dr. Rental deposit $30,000
Cr. Bank $30,000
(3)
第一步：記錄實際支付金額
Dr. Rental expense $150,000
Cr. Bank $150,000
第二步：
Adjustment:
effective rent for current fiscal year
= $15,000 x 34/36 x 12
= $170,000
Dr. Rental expense $20,000
Cr. Accrued expense $20,000
（記錄實際支付金額與 incurred amount 的差額）
❌ 錯誤：題目做了什麽？
Dr. Rental expense $240,000
Cr. Bank $240,000
Forwarded from 黑暗榮耀
Hello , 想問下題目冇比issue date 我咁即係點🙏🤔🤔個答案係就咁300000x8,但係我唔明點解係計成年🙏🙇♀🙇♀
Forwarded from 奧迪加特應援團團長
DSE課程冇好深入咁講過fair value、market value、cost同liquidation value既定義，net realisable value反而係有的
Net realisable value = estimated selling price - estimated cost to complete the sale
例子：你預計一件貨可以賣到1300蚊，但你要包100蚊運費運俾個客（carriage outwards）
NRV = $1300 - $100（唔俾呢100蚊運費，你完成唔到筆sale）= $1200
最常用到NRV既係inventory valuation呢課，rule of lower of cost and NRV (based on Prudence concept)
Net realisable value = estimated selling price - estimated cost to complete the sale
例子：你預計一件貨可以賣到1300蚊，但你要包100蚊運費運俾個客（carriage outwards）
NRV = $1300 - $100（唔俾呢100蚊運費，你完成唔到筆sale）= $1200
最常用到NRV既係inventory valuation呢課，rule of lower of cost and NRV (based on Prudence concept)
Forwarded from 奧迪加特應援團團長
然後講liquidation value同market value
Liquidation value清盤價值，as the name suggests就係清盤時候可以賣到出去既價值
Market value市價，姐係你而家喺市場可以observe到既價錢
清盤價值同市價唔同，因為清盤嗰陣你需要好快速地將你既asset套現，咁理所當然會俾人劏（同你而家見到啲人移民賣樓要劈價既道理係有少少似），所以清盤價值一般會低於你可以喺市場攞到既價錢
清盤價值最常出現喺考核going concern assumption既題目。When the assumption no longer holds, assets are valued at their liquidation values.
考評局接受NRV做答案，但明確指出有啲情況NRV and liquidation values係可以唔同，清盤價值喺呢個情況係最準確無誤既答案。
Liquidation value清盤價值，as the name suggests就係清盤時候可以賣到出去既價值
Market value市價，姐係你而家喺市場可以observe到既價錢
清盤價值同市價唔同，因為清盤嗰陣你需要好快速地將你既asset套現，咁理所當然會俾人劏（同你而家見到啲人移民賣樓要劈價既道理係有少少似），所以清盤價值一般會低於你可以喺市場攞到既價錢
清盤價值最常出現喺考核going concern assumption既題目。When the assumption no longer holds, assets are valued at their liquidation values.
考評局接受NRV做答案，但明確指出有啲情況NRV and liquidation values係可以唔同，清盤價值喺呢個情況係最準確無誤既答案。
Forwarded from 奧迪加特應援團團長
跟住去到fair value，HKFRS定義係：
The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (有秩序的交易) between market participants at the measurement date.
所以公允價值同市價有一定關係，但佢唔等同市價。因為市場係可以大上大落的，佢既價錢唔一定公允。
涉及既題目應該係2023 Q1，背後其實考核緊asset ownership既概念。
點解要強調fair value大於cost？注意以下幾點：
- cost係business owner本人購入equipment時既價錢
- 而家owner本人將件asset transfer去business度，其實係涉及一個transaction，business去到呢刻先係真正擁有
- 站喺business立場，即使佢冇真正購入件asset，佢付出既都唔係cost本身，而係件asset喺transfer當日既公允價值
- market value not more accurate，coz as I’ve mentioned，市場可以大上大落，唔一定公允
The price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (有秩序的交易) between market participants at the measurement date.
所以公允價值同市價有一定關係，但佢唔等同市價。因為市場係可以大上大落的，佢既價錢唔一定公允。
涉及既題目應該係2023 Q1，背後其實考核緊asset ownership既概念。
點解要強調fair value大於cost？注意以下幾點：
- cost係business owner本人購入equipment時既價錢
- 而家owner本人將件asset transfer去business度，其實係涉及一個transaction，business去到呢刻先係真正擁有
- 站喺business立場，即使佢冇真正購入件asset，佢付出既都唔係cost本身，而係件asset喺transfer當日既公允價值
- market value not more accurate，coz as I’ve mentioned，市場可以大上大落，唔一定公允
Forwarded from 奧迪加特應援團團長
所以題目考核重點其實係睇你識唔識判斷，喺business owner transfer an asset to business既情況，到底係應該用cost定fair value去評估asset既評價
站喺business角度，答案會係fair value
站喺business角度，答案會係fair value