Forwarded from UPSC - International relations by Vikas Kanukollu
✅Gs-2 : IR- International Law (1933 Montevideo Convention)
🅾️A state must have:
⚜️Permanent population
⚜️Defined territory
⚜️Government
⚜️Capacity to enter relations with others
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🅾️A state must have:
⚜️Permanent population
⚜️Defined territory
⚜️Government
⚜️Capacity to enter relations with others
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
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✅Please fill this form if you have sociology optional : Click here
✅Gs-2 : Health
🅾️Vaccination = most cost-effective public health tool.
⚜️India’s Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) = world’s largest.
⚠️Things to note : Tech Integration in vaccine delivery
⚜️eVIN: Vaccine stock intelligence.
⚜️NCCMIS: Cold chain management.
⚜️SAFE-VAC: Vaccine safety module.
⚜️U-WIN platform: End-to-end vaccination tracking (pregnant women + children).
⚜️AB-HIM: Strengthened delivery infra.
🔰Key Lessons
⚜️Integration of campaigns (e.g., Gram Swaraj Abhiyan) → improved reach.
⚜️Tech-driven monitoring (Co-WIN, eVIN) → scalable, transparent, efficient.
⚜️PPP & global cooperation → boosted capacity & diplomacy.
⚜️Community mobilisation → critical for acceptance.
⚜️ONE-HEALTH lens → integrate human, animal, environment surveillance.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
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🅾️Vaccination = most cost-effective public health tool.
⚜️India’s Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP) = world’s largest.
⚠️Things to note : Tech Integration in vaccine delivery
⚜️eVIN: Vaccine stock intelligence.
⚜️NCCMIS: Cold chain management.
⚜️SAFE-VAC: Vaccine safety module.
⚜️U-WIN platform: End-to-end vaccination tracking (pregnant women + children).
⚜️AB-HIM: Strengthened delivery infra.
🔰Key Lessons
⚜️Integration of campaigns (e.g., Gram Swaraj Abhiyan) → improved reach.
⚜️Tech-driven monitoring (Co-WIN, eVIN) → scalable, transparent, efficient.
⚜️PPP & global cooperation → boosted capacity & diplomacy.
⚜️Community mobilisation → critical for acceptance.
⚜️ONE-HEALTH lens → integrate human, animal, environment surveillance.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-3 : Climate change- climate policy and climate transition.
🅾️The double-edged question: Can AI optimise and save energy use? Or will AI’s own appetite for energy overwhelm the grid?_ generally know that any new technology increases demand (short run) but also creates pathways for efficiency (long run).
🅾️Data centres = ~1–2% of global electricity. Expected to grow to ~3–4% by 2030.
🅾️Inputs (electricity, minerals) define scalability → AI cannot expand sustainably unless energy source transitions.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
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🅾️The double-edged question: Can AI optimise and save energy use? Or will AI’s own appetite for energy overwhelm the grid?_ generally know that any new technology increases demand (short run) but also creates pathways for efficiency (long run).
🅾️Data centres = ~1–2% of global electricity. Expected to grow to ~3–4% by 2030.
🅾️Inputs (electricity, minerals) define scalability → AI cannot expand sustainably unless energy source transitions.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
Anti-Immigration surge across the World. Is Social Media fueling the fire?
https://youtu.be/_X-ql4VTAWY
https://youtu.be/_X-ql4VTAWY
🅾️The debate between the individual and society centers on whether society shapes the individual (collectivism) or if individuals shape society (individualism)
⚜️How this debate can be used for sociology Answer writing? To know this Attend the upcoming Webinar - Register : Click here
⚜️How this debate can be used for sociology Answer writing? To know this Attend the upcoming Webinar - Register : Click here
You could write PYQs on your own, but:
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- click here
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- click here
Fill this form. https://forms.gle/qXRbjGCAQhzQcQkN6
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- click here
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- click here
Fill this form. https://forms.gle/qXRbjGCAQhzQcQkN6
The above concept has huge relevance in writing Sociological Answers.
Register for the upcoming webinar on 8th October to understand this method - https://forms.gle/dgKeEEWh1thBetSd6
Register for the upcoming webinar on 8th October to understand this method - https://forms.gle/dgKeEEWh1thBetSd6
Lekhana-A-solution-to-the-UPSC-Mains.pdf
1.5 MB
✅Lekhana- 2026 Program details
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
Forwarded from VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History
#Art_and_Culture #History #Personalities
🔴GS1- Art and culture
🔴GS1- History
✅M. Visvesvaraya (1861–1962)
✅Muthulakshmi Reddy (1886–1968)
✅P.C. Mahalanobis (1893–1972)
🅾️Q) “Discuss the role of individuals in modernising India during the 20th century.”
🅾️Essay- Also useful in Themes of “Nation-building,” Leadership in transition from colonial to independent India.
⚠️@historyhighlights for high value history snippets from news
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🔴GS1- Art and culture
🔴GS1- History
✅M. Visvesvaraya (1861–1962)
✅Muthulakshmi Reddy (1886–1968)
✅P.C. Mahalanobis (1893–1972)
🅾️Q) “Discuss the role of individuals in modernising India during the 20th century.”
🅾️Essay- Also useful in Themes of “Nation-building,” Leadership in transition from colonial to independent India.
⚠️@historyhighlights for high value history snippets from news
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅If you ever wrote Mains, this makes more sense to you than a fresher- Lekahana 2.0 can solve your problem, please reach out to @vk_ias
You could write PYQs on your own, but:
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- click here
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- click here
⚜️All those who expressed their interest- Please register here : Click here
You could write PYQs on your own, but:
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- click here
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- click here
⚜️All those who expressed their interest- Please register here : Click here
⚠️Important: Earlier UPSC never showed its own answer key before the final result. Candidates could only object by comparing with coaching keys but now UPSC publishes a provisional answer key. Candidates can file objections with proof. Experts then review and finalise the key... so its good as this adds transparency.. but there can be a risk too-If only a few students raise objections, UPSC might assume the “majority” agrees with its version, even if that’s not accurate.
✅Gs-3 : Pollution- E waste - Importance of E waste management - Click here
🅾️This issue broadly comes under SDG 12 - Click here
🔰Gist of the E-waste Management in India: Click here
⚠️Present article : Hazards of E waste- Important for prelims exam also
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️This issue broadly comes under SDG 12 - Click here
🔰Gist of the E-waste Management in India: Click here
⚠️Present article : Hazards of E waste- Important for prelims exam also
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Students from Hyderabad - You can join this group for VK IAS offline updates - Click here
There will be a free webinar on Lekhana Mains Answer writing - You can interact regarding your doubts with me
Time : 5.10.2025- Time : 4 PM
Register here - https://www.vkias.com/course/LekhanaWebinar-89313
Also fill this form. https://forms.gle/qXRbjGCAQhzQcQkN6
Time : 5.10.2025- Time : 4 PM
Register here - https://www.vkias.com/course/LekhanaWebinar-89313
Also fill this form. https://forms.gle/qXRbjGCAQhzQcQkN6
✅Gs-3 : Science and tech - Defence
🅾️India's Mission Sudarshan chakra
⚠️Related articles :
🅾️1. Indian Army Radars- tackling drone threats
🅾️2. Drones : Drone Warfare & India
🅾️3. Technology used in Operation sindoor- Read this article
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️India's Mission Sudarshan chakra
⚠️Related articles :
🅾️1. Indian Army Radars- tackling drone threats
🅾️2. Drones : Drone Warfare & India
🅾️3. Technology used in Operation sindoor- Read this article
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-3 : Unemployment - how to redesign the system to generate quality jobs?
🅾️India is entering its peak demographic dividend phase , with over 113 million people expected to join the working-age group by 2043.Employment must be treated as a national mission, not just an economic by-product. A unified national employment policy is needed that aligns education, skilling, and industrial policy.
🅾️Need- Integrated National Employment Policy (INEPUrban Employment Pilots in select Tier-2/3 cities. Targeted job hubs in 100 underdeveloped districts.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️India is entering its peak demographic dividend phase , with over 113 million people expected to join the working-age group by 2043.Employment must be treated as a national mission, not just an economic by-product. A unified national employment policy is needed that aligns education, skilling, and industrial policy.
🅾️Need- Integrated National Employment Policy (INEPUrban Employment Pilots in select Tier-2/3 cities. Targeted job hubs in 100 underdeveloped districts.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu