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Forwarded from UPSC Ethics by VK IAS
Gs-2 : Governance- Dynamics of Indian politics- Useful in Essay and ethics also

🅾️Why we need Trust based governance?-
Role played by public trust in shaping an economy

🅾️Present situation= Voter expectations from institutions unmet=Reduced trust in democratic processes-Shift to more centralized, authoritarian forms.

⚠️Impact= paradox exists in voter behavior-Increased voting despite distrust-Preferring to remove political parties in power rather than choose proactively.

🛑Bigger issue=signs of a deeper systemic problem in Indian politics-Failure of electoral participation to enforce accountability-Growing discontent despite high voter turnout=>Lack of trust seen as contributing to a flawed democracy.

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Gs-3 : Agriculture- Agri trade

GS3- Food processing/Agri cropping patterns

🔰This is an important news for both pre and mains. Why?- Because of our agricultural export policy

🅾️It says that we have to double agricultural exports from the present $30 billion to $60 billion by 2022 and reach $100 billion in the next few years thereafter, with a stable trade policy regime-
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⚠️Note : VK IAS Mentorship Samagra Samarthan program- 2025 May batch applicants - The Second set of candidates who applied must have got the mails- please check- The first batch of students who didnt respond, your seats have been unblocked( 7 seats) and therefore the second set of candidates who applied will now get a preference on first cum first serve basis- Thank you.

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Gs-2 : IR- UNSC resolutions on GAZA

🅾️Context: The Israel-Palestine Conflict

⚡️Mains question : Role of the UN: Are UN mechanisms effective in resolving complex conflicts with powerful players involved? What alternative approaches could be explored?

⚜️UNGA Resolution: Strong support for Palestine's UN membership (143-9-25)-Two-State Solution: Vote reaffirms India's advocacy for separate Israeli & Palestinian states-Long-standing support - recognized Palestine in 1974, opened Gaza office in 1996

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Gs-1 : Indian society- Climate Change and Social Vulnerability

🅾️ The sociological concept of social vulnerability helps us understand why certain groups, like women and children, are disproportionately affected by climate hazards

🅾️Gender and Climate Change: Disproportionately affected by climate change due to social norms and practices that limit their access to resources and decision-making power

🅾️Children and Climate Change: Their bodies are still developing- likely to suffer from malnutrition and infectious diseases due to climate hazards

🔰Social Impact of Climate Change : Displacement+Food Security + Conflict over scarce resources such as water and land

✴️Policy and Societal Responses?= Gender mainstreaming+Community-based adaptation strategies -involve with local communities

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Gs2- Health- issues with health infra

🅾️Context/ need for discussing about pharma industry?- National health policy- affordability issue-
What should be the role of pharma companies in improving access to health as envisaged in NHP 2017- what are its targets?

🔰The present article is mostly about pharma exports, but one should also know the E-pharmacy regulation which is also relevant to the issue of access within the country-
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Gs-2 : IR- India- EFTA

🅾️Context : India-European Free Trade Association signed a Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA)on 10th March 2024-EFTA countries = Switzerland, Iceland, Norway & Liechtenstein

⚡️For the first time in history of FTAs, binding commitment of $100 bn investment and 1 million direct jobs in the next 15 years has been given. The agreement will give a boost to Make in India and provide opportunities to young & talented workforce. The FTA will provide a window to Indian exporters to access large European and global markets

🅾️What are the lessons that we can learn here?- This article is a very important one for this mains!


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will begin as scheduled on 15th may. Please finish your registrations tomorrow to avoid getting delayed access

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Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights - Right to life- Art 21- Everything that is related to our life is encapsulated under this article- live in relationships .

🎖Some of the rights that are currently included in the ambit of Article 21 includes (mentioned in Menaka Case):
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Gs-1 : Geography- Heatwaves and climate change

🅾️ This article talks about Factors for this extreme climate event(
read this article)

⚜️How do heat waves occur? How does air mass contribute to heat waves?

⚜️Early warning for heatwaves sees huge improvement-
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🅾️The extreme heat in parts of India in April is attributed to climate change. Studies indicate high temperatures were 30-45 times more likely due to climate change. Without climate change, such temperatures are unlikely. World Weather Attribution research connects early summer heatwaves to climate change, with 2022 and 2023 seeing significant April heat. Heatwaves are defined by high temperatures, with IMD setting a 40-47°C threshold. Heatwaves occur when temperatures are at least 5-6°C above normal, severe if 7°C higher. Data on heat-related deaths is sparse, but NCRB and Health Ministry reported significant fatalities in 2022 and early 2023.

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Gs-3 : Pollution- Solid waste

➡️Future Projections: Waste generation could double to 350,000 tonnes/day with population growth-
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🅾️Case study of New Delhi

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Gs-2 : RPA- Role of political parties on Indian politics

🅾️Basics : You have to go to Laxmikanth- Articles 324 to 329 - Chapter 71- Elections.

🅾️Can Social media be used to influence public opinion and create cognitive dissonance- Yes- social media has shifted from being a traditional echo chamber to playing an active role in political narratives and voter engagement.

🅾️Issue : a shift in political engagement, moving away from traditional media to more direct and often polarized forms of communication facilitated by social media platforms.

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Gs-1 : Indian society- Caste as a salient feature of Indian society

🅾️What is the Complex relationship between politics, secularism, and subaltern identities?

🅾️What should you learn from here?- Observe the debates about linguistic dominance, cultural accommodation, and the strategic mobilization of subaltern groups by various political entities- i.e. the organized use of marginalized groups in political strategies- If this sounds complicated- look at this example-
Read this maratha Quota Agitation as an example

🅾️Important points : language plays a critical role in politics, often used by politicians to connect with or alienate certain voter groups

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2024/05/16 05:44:13
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