Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
🔆Nilgiri tahr:-
✅The Nilgiri tahr is the only mountain ungulate in southern India amongst the 12 species present in India.
✅It is also the state animal of Tamil Nadu.
✅Habitat: open montane grassland habitat of the South Western Ghats montane rain forests eco-region.
✅Distribution: It is endemic to the Nilgiri Hills and the southern portion of the Western Ghats in the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
✅Eravikulam National Park is home to the largest population of this Tahr.
✅It has become locally extinct in around 14% of its traditional shola forest-grassland habitat.
✅Unique feature: The Adult males of Nilgiri Tahr species develop a light grey area or “saddle” on their backs and are hence called “Saddlebacks”
Cultural significance:-
✅The species is locally known as Varaiaadu.
✅There are multiple references to the Nilgiri Tahr in Tamil Sangam literature dating back to 2,000 years.
✅The late Mesolithic (10,000-4,000 BC) paintings highlight the significance of the Tahr in folklore, culture, and life.
Population decrease:
✅The Nilgiri tahr, which used to be found along the entire stretch of the Western Ghats.
✅It is presently found only in small fragmented pockets.
✅A large part of its population has been wiped out from its historical range.
Threats:
✅Habitat loss
✅Hunting
✅Poaching
✅Climate Change
✅Invasive plants such as wattles, pines, and eucalyptus.
Conservation Status:-
✅IUCN: Endangered
✅Wildlife (Protection) Act of India, 1972: Schedule I
✅The Nilgiri tahr is the only mountain ungulate in southern India amongst the 12 species present in India.
✅It is also the state animal of Tamil Nadu.
✅Habitat: open montane grassland habitat of the South Western Ghats montane rain forests eco-region.
✅Distribution: It is endemic to the Nilgiri Hills and the southern portion of the Western Ghats in the states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
✅Eravikulam National Park is home to the largest population of this Tahr.
✅It has become locally extinct in around 14% of its traditional shola forest-grassland habitat.
✅Unique feature: The Adult males of Nilgiri Tahr species develop a light grey area or “saddle” on their backs and are hence called “Saddlebacks”
Cultural significance:-
✅The species is locally known as Varaiaadu.
✅There are multiple references to the Nilgiri Tahr in Tamil Sangam literature dating back to 2,000 years.
✅The late Mesolithic (10,000-4,000 BC) paintings highlight the significance of the Tahr in folklore, culture, and life.
Population decrease:
✅The Nilgiri tahr, which used to be found along the entire stretch of the Western Ghats.
✅It is presently found only in small fragmented pockets.
✅A large part of its population has been wiped out from its historical range.
Threats:
✅Habitat loss
✅Hunting
✅Poaching
✅Climate Change
✅Invasive plants such as wattles, pines, and eucalyptus.
Conservation Status:-
✅IUCN: Endangered
✅Wildlife (Protection) Act of India, 1972: Schedule I
Forwarded from Inspiring IAS via @QualityButtonCreatorbot
With reference to the history of the Vijayanagar Empire, the terms ‘amara’, ‘bhandaravada’, and ‘manya’ denote which of the following?
Anonymous Quiz
33%
(a) Local communities of merchants
30%
(b) Temple functionaries
21%
(c) Titles adopted by rulers
16%
(d) Categories of land tenure
Consider the following pairs:
National Park River flowing
1. Mouling national park : Noa Dihing
2. Namdapha national park : Siyom
3. Orang national park : Brahmaputra
National Park River flowing
1. Mouling national park : Noa Dihing
2. Namdapha national park : Siyom
3. Orang national park : Brahmaputra
How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Anonymous Quiz
20%
Only one
46%
Only two
31%
All three
3%
None
Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
AnsKey-CSP-2023-Paper-I-090524.pdf
14.4 MB
Official answer keys (CSE-2023)
https://upsc.gov.in/sites/default/files/AnsKey-CSP-2023-Paper-I-090524.pdf
https://upsc.gov.in/sites/default/files/AnsKey-CSP-2023-Paper-I-090524.pdf
Forwarded from UPSC GS PYQs
UPSC GS PYQs
UPSC-CDS-1, 2024
Forwarded from UPSC GS PYQs
UPSC GS PYQs
Photo
Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
🔆UPANISHADS
✅Also known as the Vedanta (the end of Veda) forms the very foundation of Hinduism.
✅ Religious and Philosophical treatise that speculate about the ontological connection between humanity and the cosmos.
✅ Dated to roughly 800-500 BC, the Upanishads discuss concepts such as transmigration, nature and God.
✅They represent the “Knowledge of Brahman” (Brahma-vidya) and are mostly related to Vedas.
✅ The oldest Upanishads : Brihadaranyaka and Chandogya Upanishads – 1st millennium BC.
✅10 Principal Upanishads (Dashupanishads) : Esha, Mandukya, Kena, Taittiriya, Katha, Aitareya, Prashna, Chandogya, Mundaka, Brihadaranyaka
Forwarded from MPPSC PRELIMS MAINS ( UPPSC BPSC UKPSC )
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Forwarded from CSE EXAM ( UPSC prelims mains) CAPF
🔆 Sursingar and Joydeep Mukherjee
✅ A stringed musical instrument that is similar to the sarod, but which is older and produces deeper notes.
✅ Rarely used in performances.
✅ Made of wood and has a gourd attached to a hollow wooden handle with a metal fingerboard.
✅ The strings of the instrument, usually four in number and made of brass or bronze,are plucked with a metal pick.
✅ It can be played either holding it vertically in front of the musician and supported by his left shoulder like the Veena, or holding it parallel to the ground like the Sarod, or like the Sitar, which is held at an angle of 50-60 degrees to the ground.
✅ The Sursingar (along with the Rudra Veena and the Surbahar) usually accompanies Dhrupad, the genre of Hindustani vocal music which has a low, deep, and thoughtful pitch.
✅ Kolkata-based multi-instrumentalist Joydeep (Ustad Bismillah Khan Award) is credited with reviving the Sursingar, along with another lost stringed instrument.
#pre_revision
#art_and_culture
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_art_and_culture
✅ A stringed musical instrument that is similar to the sarod, but which is older and produces deeper notes.
✅ Rarely used in performances.
✅ Made of wood and has a gourd attached to a hollow wooden handle with a metal fingerboard.
✅ The strings of the instrument, usually four in number and made of brass or bronze,are plucked with a metal pick.
✅ It can be played either holding it vertically in front of the musician and supported by his left shoulder like the Veena, or holding it parallel to the ground like the Sarod, or like the Sitar, which is held at an angle of 50-60 degrees to the ground.
✅ The Sursingar (along with the Rudra Veena and the Surbahar) usually accompanies Dhrupad, the genre of Hindustani vocal music which has a low, deep, and thoughtful pitch.
✅ Kolkata-based multi-instrumentalist Joydeep (Ustad Bismillah Khan Award) is credited with reviving the Sursingar, along with another lost stringed instrument.
#pre_revision
#art_and_culture
Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_art_and_culture