“In true liberal education... the essential activity of the student is to relate the facts learned into a unified, organic whole, to assimilate them as...the rose assimilates food from the soil and increases in size, vitality, and beauty.”

The Trivium: The Liberal Arts of Logic, Grammar, and Rhetoric

William Shakespeare: The Complete Plays

https://notebooklm.google.com/notebook/19bde485-a9c1-4809-8884-e872b2b67b44

The life of study is austere and imposes grave obligations. It pays, it pays richly; but it exacts an initial outlay that few are capable of. The athletes of the mind, like those of the playing field, must be prepared for privations, long training, a sometimes superhuman tenacity. We must give ourselves from the heart, if truth is to give itself to us. Truth serves only its slaves.

Sertillanges, A.D.. THE INTELLECTUAL LIFE, Its Spirit, Conditions, Methods - Sertillanges (p. 7). Lebooks Editora. Kindle Edition.

Why I don't take atheists and skeptics seriously(Part I):

Syllogism 1 – On Logic and Philosophy

Major premise: Anyone who dismisses a system as “illogical” must first understand its best logical and philosophical arguments.

Minor premise: Many modern skeptics dismiss Christianity without studying its historic theologians and philosophers (e.g., Augustine, Aquinas, Luther, Anselm and post Reformation scholastics) who rigorously applied logic, philosophy, and multiple languages.

Conclusion: Many modern skeptics dismiss Christianity’s logic without understanding it, which is itself illogical.

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Syllogism 2 – On Intellectual Tradition

Major premise: An intellectually shallow tradition cannot produce centuries of profound philosophical, theological, and scientific works.

Minor premise: Christianity has produced such works across history, influencing law, ethics, literature, science, and politics.

Conclusion: Therefore, Christianity is not intellectually shallow, making the “anti-intellectual” accusation historically ignorant.


Syllogism 3 – On Skeptical Irony

Major premise: Rejecting a tradition without studying it is an act of ignorance.

Minor premise: Modern atheists often reject Christianity without engaging its deep intellectual tradition.

Conclusion: Therefore, modern atheists sometimes reject Christianity on the very grounds (ignorance) they accuse Christians of.

Scheibler, Christoph. Work of Logic in Four Parts

"Philosophy is the knowledge of existing things as they are, that is, of their nature. Philosophy is the knowledge of things both divine and human, that is, of visible and invisible things. Philosophy is the meditation on natural death. For life is twofold: the natural, according to which we live; and the elective, by which we more intensely affect and strive to retain the present life. For death is twofold: the natural, which is the separation of the soul from the body; and the elective, by which we scorn the present life for the future one to which we are redeemed. Philosophy, item, is to be made like God, which happens, both through wisdom, that is, the true knowledge of the good, and through justice, which equitably gives to each his own, and
does not judge out of respect for persons; and then finally through sanctity, which exceeds justice. For it is characteristic of the good to do good to those in whom it resides.

Philosophy, moreover, is the art of arts, and the science of sciences: for Philosophy is the mother of every art. Some, however, distinguish art from science in this way, that the latter is more certain than the former, and while the former sometimes errs, the latter never does. Others, indeed, distinguish them such that art is whatever is carried out by the ministry of the hands; while Science is truly every rational art. Namely, Grammar, Rhetoric, and the like. Philosophy, finally, is the love of wisdom: but God is true wisdom. Therefore, the love for God is, in the end, true Philosophy

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Source: https://www.fourthcentury.com/

ስለ ቤተክርስቲያን ታሪክ ማንበብ ከፈለጋችሁ ከእነዚህ ጀምሩ:

1/ ሊቀሥልጣናት ኃይለማርያም ወርቅነህ፡ ጥንታዊ ኢትዮጵያ ሥርዓተ ትምህርት
2/ አባ ጎርጎርዮስ፡ የቤተ ክርስቲያን ታሪክ በዓለም መድረክ
3/ አባ ጎርጎርዮስ፡ የኢትዮጵያ ኦርቶዶክስ ተዋሕዶ ቤተ ክርስቲያን ታሪክ
4/ ጥንታዊ የቆሎ ተማሪ

እንግሊዝኞች:

1/ Getachew Haile: “Religious Controversies and the Growth of Ethiopic Literature in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries”, OrChr 65, 1981, 102—36
2/ (የአባ ባሕርይ ድርሰቶችም አለ ጋሽ ጌታቸው ያዘጋጁት)
3/ Samuel Gobat, Journal of a Three Years’ Residence in Abyssinia, London 1834
4/ “The Homily in Honour of St. Frumentius Bishop of Axum”
5/ Ephrem Isaac, The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
6/ Teaching and Tradition of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in Older Amharic
7/ The Orthodox Church of Ethiopia: A History
8/ Sergew Hable Selassie, The Church of Ethiopia. A Panorama of History and Spiritual Life, 1970
9/ Yolande Mara, The Church of Ethiopia: the National Church in the Making
10/ Calvin E. Schenk, The Development of the EOTC and Its Relationship with the Ethiopian Government from 193 to 1970, phd thesis, New York Uni. 1972
11/ Aymro Wondmagegnehu, J. Motovu, The Ethiopian Orthodox Church
12/ Archbishop Yeshak, The Ethiopian Tewahedo Church: An Integrally African Church
13/ Ephraim Isaac, “Social “Structure of the Ethiopian Church”
14/ Haile Mariam Larebo, “The EOTC and politics in the twentieth century”

ድህረ ገፆች፡
1/ http://ethiopianorthodox.org/english/history.html
2/ http://ethiopianorthodox.org/biography/referencebooks.pdf

“An abstract term is one which has a simple mode of signifying, or signifies only the [denominating] form, as sweetness, which does not signify a thing affected with sweetness, but only sweetness.

A concrete term is one which has a composite mode of signifying, or signifies the form with the subject, as: sweet, which principally signifies sweetness, as the form, with the subject, or thing, affected by sweetness.” - Kaspar Ebel, Compendium of Peripatetic Logic (ch. 5)