Bloating :
-An excessive accumulation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract that results in abdominal distention.
-Causes include bowel obstruction, increased fermentation in the intestinal lumen due to bacterial overgrowth, and inflammatory bowel disease.
-An excessive accumulation of gas in the gastrointestinal tract that results in abdominal distention.
-Causes include bowel obstruction, increased fermentation in the intestinal lumen due to bacterial overgrowth, and inflammatory bowel disease.
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-Barium swallow
-Smooth funnel-shaped tapering (green overlay) in the region of the lower esophageal sphincter is accompanied by widening (arrow) of the prestenotic distal esophagus (red overlay).
-The appearance of the esophagus in achalasia has been referred to as the “bird-beak sign” (illustration).
-If the contour of the narrowed region is irregular and/or involves more than just the distal esophagus, the alternative diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma (pseudoachalasia) must be considered.
-Smooth funnel-shaped tapering (green overlay) in the region of the lower esophageal sphincter is accompanied by widening (arrow) of the prestenotic distal esophagus (red overlay).
-The appearance of the esophagus in achalasia has been referred to as the “bird-beak sign” (illustration).
-If the contour of the narrowed region is irregular and/or involves more than just the distal esophagus, the alternative diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma (pseudoachalasia) must be considered.
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-Portal hypertension leads to :
1-Ascites (fluid in the peritoneal cavity).
2-congestive splenomegaly/hypersplenism .
3-portosystemic shunts (esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, and Caput Medusae)
4-Hepatorenal syndrome (rapidly developing renal failure secondary to cirrhosis)
1-Ascites (fluid in the peritoneal cavity).
2-congestive splenomegaly/hypersplenism .
3-portosystemic shunts (esophageal varices, hemorrhoids, and Caput Medusae)
4-Hepatorenal syndrome (rapidly developing renal failure secondary to cirrhosis)
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