Correct Answer - C
Ans. is 'c" i.e., Dystrophic calcification

Answer -C
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cytoplasmic vacuole
o Fatty changes occur in alcoholic steatosis (fatty liver). It is
manifested by appearence of lipid vacuole in the cytoplasm, which is
a sign of reversible injury.
○ Other three options (loss of cell membrane, nuclear karyolysis and
pyknosis) are signs of irreversible injur

Correct Answer -C


ED50 refers to Effective Dose of a drug needed to produce a particular response in 50%
of population. It is a quantitative measure of the potency of a drug. Smaller the ED50 value,
more potent is the drug
Ref: Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology By lan P. Stolerman, Volume 2, Page 456

Correct Answer - B
Ans.is 'b'i.e., Atheromatous plaque
Dystrophic calcification
* When pathological calcification takes place in dead, dying or
degenerated tissue, it is called dystrophic calcification. o Calcium
metabolism is not altered and serum calcium level is normal.
Dystrophic calcification in Dystrophic calcification in
dead tissues
degenerated tissues
1.In caseous necrosis of 1. Atheromatous plague
tuberculosis
2. Monkeberg's sclerosis
(most common which may b& Psommama bodies
in lymph nodes)
4. Dens old scars
2.Chronic abscess in 5. Senile degenrated changes such
liquifactive necrosis
as in costal cartilage, tracheal,
3.Fungal granuloma
bronchial rings, Pineal gland in
4.Infarct
brain.
5.Thrombi 6. Heart valves damaged by
6.Haematomas
rheumatic fever.
7.Dead parasites-
Cystecercosis/Toxoplasma
Hydatid/Schistosoma
8.In fat necrosis of breast &
other tissues

Correct Answer-A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hyertension
More than 90% of dissections occur in men between the ages of 40
and 60 with antecedent hypertension

Choose correct option

Correct Answer is
D

Correct Answer - A
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Coagulative necrosis
Coagulative necrosis
* This is most common type of necrosis.
* This type of necrosis is most frequently caused by sudden
cessation of blood flow (ischemia) in organs such as heart (MI),
Kidney (ATN), adrenal gland, and spleen.
Note: Brain is the only exception, i.e.,. It is the only solid organ in
which ischemia leads to liquifactive necrosis not coagulative
necrosis.
* It is also seen with other types of injury e.g.,liver necrosis in viral
hepatitis, Coagulative necrosis of skin after burns (Thermal injury).
Why there is predominant protein denaturation and no enzymatic
digestion ?
Hypoxia causes intracellular acidosis (has been explained earlier)
> .t pH results in denaturation ofproteins which includes not only
structural proteins hut also enzymes
So, there is no enzymatic digestion. o The necrotic cells retain their
cellular outline for several days.
Liquefactive necrosis
* It is the necrotic degradation of tissue that rapidly
undergo softening and liquefaction