Global Innovation Index (GII) 2024
➕ In News: Recently, Global Innovation Index (GII) 2024 was published.
➕ About: Annual report co-published by WIPO, Cornell University, and INSEAD to assess global innovation across economies.
➕ Key Features:
- Criteria: Includes institutions, human capital, infrastructure, investment, knowledge creation, and creative outputs.
- Top Rankings: Switzerland leads, followed by Sweden, US, and Singapore.
- India’s Rank: 39th globally, 1st among lower-middle-income economies; strong in ICT exports, venture capital, and intangible assets.
➕ About WIPO:
- HQ: Geneva, established 1967 under the UN.
- India's Membership: Since 1975.
- Major Treaties: India follows the Paris Convention, Berne Convention, and Patent Cooperation Treaty.
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➕ In News: Recently, Global Innovation Index (GII) 2024 was published.
➕ About: Annual report co-published by WIPO, Cornell University, and INSEAD to assess global innovation across economies.
➕ Key Features:
- Criteria: Includes institutions, human capital, infrastructure, investment, knowledge creation, and creative outputs.
- Top Rankings: Switzerland leads, followed by Sweden, US, and Singapore.
- India’s Rank: 39th globally, 1st among lower-middle-income economies; strong in ICT exports, venture capital, and intangible assets.
➕ About WIPO:
- HQ: Geneva, established 1967 under the UN.
- India's Membership: Since 1975.
- Major Treaties: India follows the Paris Convention, Berne Convention, and Patent Cooperation Treaty.
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Minerals Security Finance Network (MSFN)
➕ In News: India recently joined the US-led Minerals Security Finance Network.
➕ About:
- Initiative from the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP).
- Connects institutions from the Indo-Pacific and Europe for cooperation, information exchange, and co-financing.
➕ Members:
- 13 countries + European Commission.
- Key members: USA, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Japan, UK, South Korea, and the EU.
➕ Significance for India: Diversifies and secures India's supply of critical minerals from Argentina, Chile, Australia, and African nations.
➕ Minerals Security Partnership:
- Launched by the US in 2022 to strengthen mineral supply chains.
- Focuses on Cobalt, Nickel, Lithium, and rare earth minerals.
- India joined in June 2023.
- Ensures critical minerals are processed and recycled for economic growth.
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➕ In News: India recently joined the US-led Minerals Security Finance Network.
➕ About:
- Initiative from the Minerals Security Partnership (MSP).
- Connects institutions from the Indo-Pacific and Europe for cooperation, information exchange, and co-financing.
➕ Members:
- 13 countries + European Commission.
- Key members: USA, Australia, Canada, France, Germany, India, Japan, UK, South Korea, and the EU.
➕ Significance for India: Diversifies and secures India's supply of critical minerals from Argentina, Chile, Australia, and African nations.
➕ Minerals Security Partnership:
- Launched by the US in 2022 to strengthen mineral supply chains.
- Focuses on Cobalt, Nickel, Lithium, and rare earth minerals.
- India joined in June 2023.
- Ensures critical minerals are processed and recycled for economic growth.
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Discusses Broken Window Theory in First Session of Sankalp Main batch !!
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➕ In News: India launched BharatGen, the world’s first government-funded Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM).
➕ About:
- Developed by the Ministry of Science & Technology.
- Aims to create AI systems that generate high-quality text and multimodal content in Indian languages.
➕ Implementing Agency:
- IIT Bombay under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).
➕ Key Features:
- Bhartiya Dataset: India-centric data collection, reducing dependency on foreign models.
- Multilingual & Multimodal: Supports diverse Indian languages and cultural contexts.
➕ About MLLM
- Large models trained on text, images, audio, and video to interpret human language.
- Generates new content (text, image, audio) using deep-learning algorithms.
➕ NM-ICPS (2018):
- Promotes research and commercialization of Cyber-Physical Systems.
- Implemented by the Department of Science and Technology (DST).
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➕ About:
- Developed by the Ministry of Science & Technology.
- Aims to create AI systems that generate high-quality text and multimodal content in Indian languages.
➕ Implementing Agency:
- IIT Bombay under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS).
➕ Key Features:
- Bhartiya Dataset: India-centric data collection, reducing dependency on foreign models.
- Multilingual & Multimodal: Supports diverse Indian languages and cultural contexts.
➕ About MLLM
- Large models trained on text, images, audio, and video to interpret human language.
- Generates new content (text, image, audio) using deep-learning algorithms.
➕ NM-ICPS (2018):
- Promotes research and commercialization of Cyber-Physical Systems.
- Implemented by the Department of Science and Technology (DST).
⚡️How We Cracked Multiple Questions Directly in UPSC Mains 2024! 🏆
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Lake Prespa
➕ It is one of the oldest tectonic lakes in Europe
➕Location : Located in the Balkan Peninsula, shared by Albania, Greece, and North Macedonia.
➕ Unique Feature: It’s a transboundary lake and part of the Prespa Park, one of Europe’s most significant environmental protection zones.
➕ Biodiversity Hotspot : Home to endemic species like the Dalmatian Pelican.
➕ Ramsar Site : Recognized for its ecological significance.
➕ Environmental Challenges: Facing threats like pollution and water level decline due to climate
➕ Countries on Balkan Peninsula :Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania (partially), Serbia, Slovenia (partially), Turkey (European part only).
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➕ It is one of the oldest tectonic lakes in Europe
➕Location : Located in the Balkan Peninsula, shared by Albania, Greece, and North Macedonia.
➕ Unique Feature: It’s a transboundary lake and part of the Prespa Park, one of Europe’s most significant environmental protection zones.
➕ Biodiversity Hotspot : Home to endemic species like the Dalmatian Pelican.
➕ Ramsar Site : Recognized for its ecological significance.
➕ Environmental Challenges: Facing threats like pollution and water level decline due to climate
➕ Countries on Balkan Peninsula :Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania (partially), Serbia, Slovenia (partially), Turkey (European part only).
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❌You will Waste Your 2025 attempt
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❌You will Waste Your 2025 attempt
📺3 Common Mistakes |https://youtu.be/8Z9VQlNgdfo
#upscmains #iasprep
#sankalp
Own Handwritten Notes - Only way to Success!!!
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Micro RNA
➕Context : The 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine has been awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNA (miRNA), a crucial molecule in gene regulation.
➕What is microRNA (miRNA)?
miRNA are tiny, non-coding RNA molecules (~20-24 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression by binding to messenger RNA (mRNA), preventing the production of proteins.
➕ Key Features:
- Gene Regulation: Controls post-transcriptional gene expression.
- Cellular Processes: Involved in development, cell growth, and apoptosis.
- Disease Link: Dysregulation linked to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.
➕Applications:
- Therapeutic Targeting: miRNAs are potential targets for disease treatment.
- Diagnostics: Used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of diseases.
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https://youtu.be/jVP7VycJ330
➕Context : The 2024 Nobel Prize in Medicine has been awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their groundbreaking discovery of microRNA (miRNA), a crucial molecule in gene regulation.
➕What is microRNA (miRNA)?
miRNA are tiny, non-coding RNA molecules (~20-24 nucleotides) that regulate gene expression by binding to messenger RNA (mRNA), preventing the production of proteins.
➕ Key Features:
- Gene Regulation: Controls post-transcriptional gene expression.
- Cellular Processes: Involved in development, cell growth, and apoptosis.
- Disease Link: Dysregulation linked to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, etc.
➕Applications:
- Therapeutic Targeting: miRNAs are potential targets for disease treatment.
- Diagnostics: Used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of diseases.
⚡️How We Cracked Multiple Questions Directly in UPSC Mains 2024! 🏆
https://youtu.be/jVP7VycJ330