Q. The most significant achievement of modern law in India is the constitutionalization of environmental problems by the Supreme Court.” Discuss this statement with the help of relevant केस laws. (Answer in 150 words)
Environment and life are interrelated. Thus, the quality of the environment is undeniably related to our enjoyment of the right to life under Article 21.
▪️Supreme Court intervention in environmental problems can be clubbed as:
🔸Incorporation of environmental problems into the ambit of Fundamental right.
✅ Shubash Kumar VS State of Bihar:- “Right to live includes the right to enjoyment of pollution free water and air for full enjoyment of life.”
✅ Re: Noise Pollution vs Unknown:- The noise level at the boundary of the public place, where loudspeaker or public address system or any other noise source is being used shall not exceed 10 dB(A) above the ambient noise standards for the area or 75 dB(A) whichever is lower.
🔸Merging of DPSP and FR.
✅ Sachidanand Pandey V. State of W.B. Chinnappa Reddy J:- SC referred to Article 48A of the Constitution which enshrined the directive principle to protect and improve the environment.
🔸Incorporation of international norms of 3rd generation collective rights of sustainable development into Indian law.
✅ Samit Mehta v. Union of India:- The Court reaffirmed the “Precautionary Principle” and “Polluter Pays Principle” and also recognized Right to clean environment as a fundamental right under Article 21.
The Supreme Court making creative interpretation which led to the creation of new rights. As under Article 21, this court has created new rights including the right to health and pollution free environment.
Environment and life are interrelated. Thus, the quality of the environment is undeniably related to our enjoyment of the right to life under Article 21.
▪️Supreme Court intervention in environmental problems can be clubbed as:
🔸Incorporation of environmental problems into the ambit of Fundamental right.
✅ Shubash Kumar VS State of Bihar:- “Right to live includes the right to enjoyment of pollution free water and air for full enjoyment of life.”
✅ Re: Noise Pollution vs Unknown:- The noise level at the boundary of the public place, where loudspeaker or public address system or any other noise source is being used shall not exceed 10 dB(A) above the ambient noise standards for the area or 75 dB(A) whichever is lower.
🔸Merging of DPSP and FR.
✅ Sachidanand Pandey V. State of W.B. Chinnappa Reddy J:- SC referred to Article 48A of the Constitution which enshrined the directive principle to protect and improve the environment.
🔸Incorporation of international norms of 3rd generation collective rights of sustainable development into Indian law.
✅ Samit Mehta v. Union of India:- The Court reaffirmed the “Precautionary Principle” and “Polluter Pays Principle” and also recognized Right to clean environment as a fundamental right under Article 21.
The Supreme Court making creative interpretation which led to the creation of new rights. As under Article 21, this court has created new rights including the right to health and pollution free environment.
👍6❤4
Q. राष्ट्रीय पिछड़ा वर्ग आयोग के सांविधिक निकाय से संवैधानिक निकाय में रूपांतरण को ध्यान में रखते हुए इसकी भूमिका की विवेचना कीजिए। (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. Discuss the role of the National Commission for Backward Classes in the wake of its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
Q. Discuss the role of the National Commission for Backward Classes in the wake of its transformation from a statutory body to a constitutional body. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
👍1
Q. Discuss the role of National Commission for Backward Classes in the wake of its transformation from a
statutory body to a constitutional body. (Answer in 150 words)
The 102nd Amendment Act of 2018 conferred a constitutional status on the Commission. For this purpose, the amendment inserted a new Article 338-B in the constitution. Hence, the Commission ceased to be a statutory body and became a constitutional body.
▪️The scope of functions assigned to the Commission is also enlarged:
✅ Investigate and monitor all matters relating to the constitutional and other legal safeguards for the socially and educationally backward classes and to evaluate their working.
✅ Inquire into specific complaints with respect to the deprivation of rights and safeguards of the socially and educationally backward classes .
✅ Participate and advise on the socio economic development of the socially and educationally backward classes and to evaluate the progress of their development under the Union or a state.
✅ Present to the President, annually and at such other times as it may deem fit, reports upon the working of those safeguards.
✅ Make recommendations for the effective implementation of those safeguards and other measures.
The composition should reflect the feature of an expert body as mandated by the SC. And the government must put information in public domain regarding the findings of the caste census and recommendations of commission.
statutory body to a constitutional body. (Answer in 150 words)
The 102nd Amendment Act of 2018 conferred a constitutional status on the Commission. For this purpose, the amendment inserted a new Article 338-B in the constitution. Hence, the Commission ceased to be a statutory body and became a constitutional body.
▪️The scope of functions assigned to the Commission is also enlarged:
✅ Investigate and monitor all matters relating to the constitutional and other legal safeguards for the socially and educationally backward classes and to evaluate their working.
✅ Inquire into specific complaints with respect to the deprivation of rights and safeguards of the socially and educationally backward classes .
✅ Participate and advise on the socio economic development of the socially and educationally backward classes and to evaluate the progress of their development under the Union or a state.
✅ Present to the President, annually and at such other times as it may deem fit, reports upon the working of those safeguards.
✅ Make recommendations for the effective implementation of those safeguards and other measures.
The composition should reflect the feature of an expert body as mandated by the SC. And the government must put information in public domain regarding the findings of the caste census and recommendations of commission.
👍5😁2
Q. 'भारत श्रीलंका का बरसों पुराना मित्र है।' पूर्ववर्ती कथन के आलोक में श्रीलंका के वर्तमान संकट में भारत की भूमिका की विवेचना कीजिए। (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. 'India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka.' Discuss India's role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of the preceding statement. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
Q. 'India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka.' Discuss India's role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of the preceding statement. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
Q. ‘India is an age-old friend of Sri Lanka’. Discuss India’s role in the recent crisis in Sri Lanka in the light of the preceding statement. (Answer in 150 words)
The relationship between India and Sri Lanka is more than 2,500 years old. Both countries have a legacy of intellectual, cultural, religious and linguistic interaction.
✅ With Srilanka under the grip of an unprecedented economic turmoil and political instability, the worst in seven decades, leaving millions struggling to buy food, medicine, fuel and other essentials, India has hold its credential of being an age-old friend
▪️India's helping role in the crisis:
✅ A four-pronged” initiative has been decided that included
✅ Lines of Credit (LoC) towards the import of fuel, food and medicines
✅ Currency swap
✅ Debt deferrals from India to Sri Lanka
✅ Conclusion of the Trinco-oil farms project
✅ The Trincomalee project MoU was signed in January 2022 after decades of delays.
✅ India has extended 400 million dollar under the “SAARC currency swap” arrangement.
✅ India has agreed to a partial deferral of a 500 million dollar settlement from Sri Lanka by two months
✅ The 1.5 billion dollar LoC for essential imports is reportedly under way.
The crisis should be used as an opportunity for New Delhi and Colombo to thrash out a solution to bilateral irritants like the Palk Bay fisheries dispute, nurturing the neighbourhood first policy.
The relationship between India and Sri Lanka is more than 2,500 years old. Both countries have a legacy of intellectual, cultural, religious and linguistic interaction.
✅ With Srilanka under the grip of an unprecedented economic turmoil and political instability, the worst in seven decades, leaving millions struggling to buy food, medicine, fuel and other essentials, India has hold its credential of being an age-old friend
▪️India's helping role in the crisis:
✅ A four-pronged” initiative has been decided that included
✅ Lines of Credit (LoC) towards the import of fuel, food and medicines
✅ Currency swap
✅ Debt deferrals from India to Sri Lanka
✅ Conclusion of the Trinco-oil farms project
✅ The Trincomalee project MoU was signed in January 2022 after decades of delays.
✅ India has extended 400 million dollar under the “SAARC currency swap” arrangement.
✅ India has agreed to a partial deferral of a 500 million dollar settlement from Sri Lanka by two months
✅ The 1.5 billion dollar LoC for essential imports is reportedly under way.
The crisis should be used as an opportunity for New Delhi and Colombo to thrash out a solution to bilateral irritants like the Palk Bay fisheries dispute, nurturing the neighbourhood first policy.
👍8❤2
Q. “भारत के सम्पूर्ण क्षेत्र में निवास करने और विचरण करने का अधिकार स्वतंत्र रूप से सभी भारतीय नागरिकों को उपलब्ध है, किन्तु ये अधिकार असीम नहीं हैं।” टिप्पणी कीजिए । (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. "Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to the Indian citizens, but these rights are not absolute." Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
Q. "Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to the Indian citizens, but these rights are not absolute." Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
👍11
Q. Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to the Indian citizens,
but these rights are not absolute. Comment (Answer in 150 words)
Article 19 (1)(d) under Part III of the constitution deals with the fundamental right to freedom of movement. It guarantees the citizens of India the right to move freely throughout the territory of India. This right overlaps with Article 19(1)(e) which talks about the right to freely reside in any part of the country. The word “freely” connotes “without any absolute restriction”. Wherever and however one likes, he can move without any restriction.
▪️ Not Absolute Right
✅ The provisions for providing the power of externment to the concerned executive authorities can be found in many statutes such as The Maharashtra Police Act (MP 1951), Punjab Security of State Act 1953, and Assam Maintenance of Public Order Act 1947, Karnataka Police Act.
✅ The pandemic has brought many restrictions in our ordinary life. From restricting our movement via imposed Lockdowns to freedom of expression and assembly. Public gatherings, restaurants, malls, etc. were put to close, especially during the early period of the pandemic.
✅ Restriction on freedom of movement is put by the order passed by the government under Section 144 of CrPC along with the Epidemic Disease.
▪️ SC Observation
✅ Kharak Singh v. The State Of U.P:- In this case, unreasonable surveillance and domiciliary visits by police not authorized by any law and thus held to be violative of the right to freedom of movement.
✅ The State of UP VS Kaushailya:- Restrictions on the free movement imposed on prostitutes to carry out their trade within the specified area is held valid.
The UN Declaration of Human Rights and Article 12 of (ICCPR) at the global level, protect the freedom of movement as a basic human right. However As the saying goes, “Extraordinary times call for extraordinary measures”.
but these rights are not absolute. Comment (Answer in 150 words)
Article 19 (1)(d) under Part III of the constitution deals with the fundamental right to freedom of movement. It guarantees the citizens of India the right to move freely throughout the territory of India. This right overlaps with Article 19(1)(e) which talks about the right to freely reside in any part of the country. The word “freely” connotes “without any absolute restriction”. Wherever and however one likes, he can move without any restriction.
▪️ Not Absolute Right
✅ The provisions for providing the power of externment to the concerned executive authorities can be found in many statutes such as The Maharashtra Police Act (MP 1951), Punjab Security of State Act 1953, and Assam Maintenance of Public Order Act 1947, Karnataka Police Act.
✅ The pandemic has brought many restrictions in our ordinary life. From restricting our movement via imposed Lockdowns to freedom of expression and assembly. Public gatherings, restaurants, malls, etc. were put to close, especially during the early period of the pandemic.
✅ Restriction on freedom of movement is put by the order passed by the government under Section 144 of CrPC along with the Epidemic Disease.
▪️ SC Observation
✅ Kharak Singh v. The State Of U.P:- In this case, unreasonable surveillance and domiciliary visits by police not authorized by any law and thus held to be violative of the right to freedom of movement.
✅ The State of UP VS Kaushailya:- Restrictions on the free movement imposed on prostitutes to carry out their trade within the specified area is held valid.
The UN Declaration of Human Rights and Article 12 of (ICCPR) at the global level, protect the freedom of movement as a basic human right. However As the saying goes, “Extraordinary times call for extraordinary measures”.
👍11❤1
Q. दिव्यांगता के संदर्भ में सरकारी पदाधिकारियों और नागरिकों की गहन संवेदनशीलता के बिना दिव्यांगजन अधिकार अधिनियम, 2016 केवल विधिक दस्तावेज़ बनकर रह जाता है। टिप्पणी कीजिए। (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
Q. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitisation of government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs2
👍9
Q. The rights of persons with disabilities Act, 2016 remains only a legal document without intense sensitization of Government functionaries and citizens regarding disability. Comment. (Answer in 150 words)
As per Census 2011, disabled persons constitute 2.21% of the total population. India signed the United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disability.
▪️ Right of Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Act 2016
✅ The types of disabilities have been increased from 7 to 21. The act added mental illness, autism, speech and language disability, sickle cell disease, acid attack victims, etc which were largely ignored in earlier act.
✅ It increases reservation from 3% to 4% in government jobs and higher education institutes.
✅ Every child with benchmark disability between 6 and 18 years shall have the right to free education.
▪️ Societal apathy towards Persons with Disability (PwD) in India
✅ Discrimination and stigmatization attached to PwD by the society
✅ Consider PwD as burden or liability by family
✅ Negligence towards their issues like accessibility to Transport, IT etc.
✅ Considered as a sin committed in last birth.
▪️ Lax implementation by Government functioning
✅ Lack of medical facilities.
✅ Lack of availability of special schools, trained teachers for the disabled.
✅ Most government buildings in India are not disability-friendly
✅ Administrative apathy towards implementation of plans and policies for disabled.
▪️ Way Forward
✅ Increasing Public Awareness and Understanding of Disability
✅ Social campaigns that change attitudes on stigmatized issues related to PwD.
✅ Showing positive representations of people with disabilities e.g. Paralympian Anali Lakhera
✅ Special schools with the label special needs can have a stigma or negative connotation. Students may only learn and interact with peers with special needs.
Govt’s Sugmaya Bharat Abhiyaan is in right direction to sensitize people to bring behavioural towards Divyangjan and timely govt intervention in the spirit of Article 41 of the constitution.
As per Census 2011, disabled persons constitute 2.21% of the total population. India signed the United Nations Convention on Rights of Persons with Disability.
▪️ Right of Persons with Disabilities (PwD) Act 2016
✅ The types of disabilities have been increased from 7 to 21. The act added mental illness, autism, speech and language disability, sickle cell disease, acid attack victims, etc which were largely ignored in earlier act.
✅ It increases reservation from 3% to 4% in government jobs and higher education institutes.
✅ Every child with benchmark disability between 6 and 18 years shall have the right to free education.
▪️ Societal apathy towards Persons with Disability (PwD) in India
✅ Discrimination and stigmatization attached to PwD by the society
✅ Consider PwD as burden or liability by family
✅ Negligence towards their issues like accessibility to Transport, IT etc.
✅ Considered as a sin committed in last birth.
▪️ Lax implementation by Government functioning
✅ Lack of medical facilities.
✅ Lack of availability of special schools, trained teachers for the disabled.
✅ Most government buildings in India are not disability-friendly
✅ Administrative apathy towards implementation of plans and policies for disabled.
▪️ Way Forward
✅ Increasing Public Awareness and Understanding of Disability
✅ Social campaigns that change attitudes on stigmatized issues related to PwD.
✅ Showing positive representations of people with disabilities e.g. Paralympian Anali Lakhera
✅ Special schools with the label special needs can have a stigma or negative connotation. Students may only learn and interact with peers with special needs.
Govt’s Sugmaya Bharat Abhiyaan is in right direction to sensitize people to bring behavioural towards Divyangjan and timely govt intervention in the spirit of Article 41 of the constitution.
👍7❤1
Q. 'स्वच्छ ऊर्जा आज की ज़रूरत है ।' भू-राजनीति के सन्दर्भ में विभिन्न अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय मंचों में जलवायु परिवर्तन की दिशा में भारत की बदलती नीति का संक्षिप्त वर्णन कीजिए । (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. 'Clean energy is the order of the day.' Describe briefly India's changing policy towards climate change in various international fora in the context of geopolitics. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs2
Q. 'Clean energy is the order of the day.' Describe briefly India's changing policy towards climate change in various international fora in the context of geopolitics. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs2
👍6
Q. ‘Clean energy is the order of the day’. Describe briefly India’s changing policy towards climate change in various international fora in the context of geopolitics. (Answer in 250 words)
Clean energy is energy that comes from renewable, zero emission sources that do not pollute the atmosphere when used, as well as energy saved by energy efficiency measures.
✅ PM Narendra Modi floated the idea of the One Sun One World One Grid Declaration (OSOWOG) with the objective to aid in developing a worldwide grid to reduce carbon footprints and energy costs.
✅ International Solar Alliance: In pursuance to enhance Solar Energy production, India along with France launched the International Solar Alliance with the aim to promote solar energy in 121 member countries and to mobilize over $1 trillion of investment for the deployment of solar energy at affordable costs.
✅ Act East Policy: Building LNG terminals in Ennore, Vizag and Dhamra on East coast and sharing MoU electricity in BBIN
✅ IEA’s India Energy Outlook 2021 – India’s oil demand is seen rising by 74% to 8.7 million barrels per day by
2040 under the existing policies scenario.
India being a developing country and fastest growing economy, India’s energy requirement is full filled through fossil fuels for its development prospective. Recently India completed its 35% energy requirement INDC target well before time. This shows India is increasing its reliance on green energy and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. India took initiatives such as Green hydrogen mission.
Recently, India ranked 10th in climate change performance index. India is encouraging and taking lead in clear energy initiatives in international to become climate leader in geo-politics.
Clean energy is energy that comes from renewable, zero emission sources that do not pollute the atmosphere when used, as well as energy saved by energy efficiency measures.
✅ PM Narendra Modi floated the idea of the One Sun One World One Grid Declaration (OSOWOG) with the objective to aid in developing a worldwide grid to reduce carbon footprints and energy costs.
✅ International Solar Alliance: In pursuance to enhance Solar Energy production, India along with France launched the International Solar Alliance with the aim to promote solar energy in 121 member countries and to mobilize over $1 trillion of investment for the deployment of solar energy at affordable costs.
✅ Act East Policy: Building LNG terminals in Ennore, Vizag and Dhamra on East coast and sharing MoU electricity in BBIN
✅ IEA’s India Energy Outlook 2021 – India’s oil demand is seen rising by 74% to 8.7 million barrels per day by
2040 under the existing policies scenario.
India being a developing country and fastest growing economy, India’s energy requirement is full filled through fossil fuels for its development prospective. Recently India completed its 35% energy requirement INDC target well before time. This shows India is increasing its reliance on green energy and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. India took initiatives such as Green hydrogen mission.
Recently, India ranked 10th in climate change performance index. India is encouraging and taking lead in clear energy initiatives in international to become climate leader in geo-politics.
👍14❤1
Choose any one as per your choice
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. कवि संसार के अनधिकृत रूप से मान्य विधायक होते हैं
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. आप उसी नदी में दोबारा नहीं उतर सकते
You cannot step twice in the same river
#essay
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. कवि संसार के अनधिकृत रूप से मान्य विधायक होते हैं
Poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. आप उसी नदी में दोबारा नहीं उतर सकते
You cannot step twice in the same river
#essay
👍20❤1
Q. बुनियादी ढाँचागत परियोजनाओं में सार्वजनिक निजी साझेदारी (पी.पी.पी.) की आवश्यकता क्यों है ? भारत में रेलवे स्टेशनों के पुनर्विकास में पी.पी.पी. मॉडल की भूमिका का परीक्षण कीजिए । (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP) required in infrastructural projects? Examine the role of PPP model in the redevelopment of Railway Stations in India. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs3
Q. Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP) required in infrastructural projects? Examine the role of PPP model in the redevelopment of Railway Stations in India. (Answer in 150 words)
#gs3
👍7👏1
Q. Why is Public Private Partnership (PPP) required in infrastructural projects? Examine the role of PPP
model in the redevelopment of Railway Stations in India. [150 Words]
Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a way to execute and maintain a project (generally an infrastructure project) for delivering of goods and services through collaboration of government and private sector. Infrastructure projects in India were built by Government till 1990. But in the post liberalization era, various infrastructure projects are being built on PPP model.
▪️The main reasons for why PPP is required for infrastructure projects are:
✅There is major infrastructure deficit which the government cannot build on its own
✅ Infrastructure is capital intensive and private sector can bring in the required financial resources
✅For faster infrastructure development we require the speed and skill of the private sector
✅Private sector is relative more effective in executing and maintaining infrastructure projects
✅Private sector can bring in better technology and knowhow
▪️Indian Railways has adopted three models for station redevelopment:
✅ One is the PPP model, under which a project is planned, statutory clearances obtained and a developer is chosen to upgrade a facility. Habibganj, in the suburbs of Bhopal, is the country’s first railway station to be redeveloped as a PPP project.
✅The second is collaboration with foreign governments to develop stations.
✅The third model is the Swiss Challenge method, where bidders have the freedom to design and develop a project on their own.
Rail infrastructure development, having the highest multiplier impact, can play a major role in making India a developed economy by 2047.
model in the redevelopment of Railway Stations in India. [150 Words]
Public Private Partnership (PPP) is a way to execute and maintain a project (generally an infrastructure project) for delivering of goods and services through collaboration of government and private sector. Infrastructure projects in India were built by Government till 1990. But in the post liberalization era, various infrastructure projects are being built on PPP model.
▪️The main reasons for why PPP is required for infrastructure projects are:
✅There is major infrastructure deficit which the government cannot build on its own
✅ Infrastructure is capital intensive and private sector can bring in the required financial resources
✅For faster infrastructure development we require the speed and skill of the private sector
✅Private sector is relative more effective in executing and maintaining infrastructure projects
✅Private sector can bring in better technology and knowhow
▪️Indian Railways has adopted three models for station redevelopment:
✅ One is the PPP model, under which a project is planned, statutory clearances obtained and a developer is chosen to upgrade a facility. Habibganj, in the suburbs of Bhopal, is the country’s first railway station to be redeveloped as a PPP project.
✅The second is collaboration with foreign governments to develop stations.
✅The third model is the Swiss Challenge method, where bidders have the freedom to design and develop a project on their own.
Rail infrastructure development, having the highest multiplier impact, can play a major role in making India a developed economy by 2047.
👍10
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Q. क्या बाज़ार अर्थव्यवस्था के अन्तर्गत समावेशी विकास संभव है ? भारत में आर्थिक विकास की प्राप्ति के लिए वित्तीय समावेश के महत्त्व का उल्लेख कीजिए। ( 150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. Is inclusive growth possible under market economy? State the significance of financial inclusion in achieving economic growth in India. (Answer in 150 word)
#gs3
Q. Is inclusive growth possible under market economy? State the significance of financial inclusion in achieving economic growth in India. (Answer in 150 word)
#gs3
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Q. Is inclusive growth possible under market economy? State the significance of financial inclusion in achieving economic growth in India. [150 Words]
Inclusive growth is economic growth that creates opportunity for all segments of the population and distributes the dividends of increased prosperity to every section of the society. A market economy is one in which the allocation of resources and the prices of goods and services are determined by market forces, primarily supply and demand.
▪️Even in a market economy, Government has resources and tools to steer the economy towards inclusive growth.
And this can be done in the following ways:
✅Government focussing on provision of public services like quality education and health which enhances the capability of the people
✅Measures to reduce corruption in day-to-day life of the people
✅Focus should be more in the sectors where the poor work ex. in agriculture and rural infrastructure
✅Focus should be more on productive employment generation rather than subsidies
▪️In the last few years, Government has taken several steps in improving the financial inclusion which has impacted economic growth in India in the following ways:
✅More than 43 crore Jan Dhan Accounts have been opened which has mobilized the savings of the people resulting in higher investment and growth
✅ Financial inclusion helps in reducing income inequality and poverty leading to higher growth
✅Through financial inclusion, Govt. has been able to transfer funds to poor through DBT (ex. Ujjwala scheme, PM Kisan etc) which protected livelihoods and supported demand in the economy leading to growth
✅ Financial inclusion has led to increased tax base and tax buoyancy, providing more resources to Govt. which has pumped these resources in stimulating the economy resulting in higher growth.
Inclusive financial system is a key to sustainable development and growth of a nation wherein all segments of the society have timely access to financial services at an affordable cost.
Inclusive growth is economic growth that creates opportunity for all segments of the population and distributes the dividends of increased prosperity to every section of the society. A market economy is one in which the allocation of resources and the prices of goods and services are determined by market forces, primarily supply and demand.
▪️Even in a market economy, Government has resources and tools to steer the economy towards inclusive growth.
And this can be done in the following ways:
✅Government focussing on provision of public services like quality education and health which enhances the capability of the people
✅Measures to reduce corruption in day-to-day life of the people
✅Focus should be more in the sectors where the poor work ex. in agriculture and rural infrastructure
✅Focus should be more on productive employment generation rather than subsidies
▪️In the last few years, Government has taken several steps in improving the financial inclusion which has impacted economic growth in India in the following ways:
✅More than 43 crore Jan Dhan Accounts have been opened which has mobilized the savings of the people resulting in higher investment and growth
✅ Financial inclusion helps in reducing income inequality and poverty leading to higher growth
✅Through financial inclusion, Govt. has been able to transfer funds to poor through DBT (ex. Ujjwala scheme, PM Kisan etc) which protected livelihoods and supported demand in the economy leading to growth
✅ Financial inclusion has led to increased tax base and tax buoyancy, providing more resources to Govt. which has pumped these resources in stimulating the economy resulting in higher growth.
Inclusive financial system is a key to sustainable development and growth of a nation wherein all segments of the society have timely access to financial services at an affordable cost.
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Q. भारत में सार्वजनिक वितरण प्रणाली (पी.डी.एस.) की प्रमुख चुनौतियाँ क्या हैं ? इसे किस प्रकार प्रभावी तथा पारदर्शी बनाया जा सकता है ? (150 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. What are the major challenges of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India? How can it be made effective and transparent ? ( Answer in 150 words)
#gs3
Q. What are the major challenges of Public Distribution System (PDS) in India? How can it be made effective and transparent ? ( Answer in 150 words)
#gs3
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