The Power and Role of NGOs in Shaping an Inclusive Society
NGOs' ground-level work involves a range of activities, from delivering services to neglected communities, to implementing projects that uplift the underprivileged.
A World Seeking Inclusivity
Today, we live in a world marked by growing awareness about the diverse tapestry of cultures, ideologies, abilities, and lifestyles that comprise it. The term ‘inclusivity’ now pervades discussions across various societal strata, representing a global aspiration to create an equitable and just society that embraces all. As powerful instruments of social transformation, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a pivotal role in this discourse, fostering inclusivity through various initiatives and programs.
NGOs as Catalysts for Inclusivity
Non-Governmental Organizations, by their very nature, bridge the gap between governmental institutions and the civil society, often acting as the voice of the marginalized. These organizations, often founded on principles of social justice and equity, strive to ensure that society’s benefits are extended to all. Their missions range from tackling discrimination to providing essential resources and services, making NGOs critical pillars of an inclusive society.
Power of NGOs: Agents of Change and Advocacy
NGOs wield significant power in driving the inclusion agenda through two primary pathways: direct action and advocacy.
Direct Action: Empowering the Marginalized
NGOs’ ground-level work involves a range of activities, from delivering services to neglected communities, to implementing projects that uplift the underprivileged. These organizations often work in regions where government reach is limited, providing vital resources such as education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities. By doing so, they actively dismantle systemic barriers and open up new opportunities, empowering marginalized groups to participate fully in society.
Advocacy: Shaping Inclusive Policies
NGOs are also instrumental in policy advocacy, lobbying for the rights and needs of underrepresented communities. They amplify these communities’ voices, ensuring their concerns are acknowledged in policy-making arenas. NGOs’ relentless advocacy often results in more inclusive and equitable legislation, thus reinforcing the foundation of an inclusive society.
The Role of NGOs in Key Spheres of Inclusivity
NGOs’ work spans various domains in the pursuit of a more inclusive society. Some key areas include:
Promoting Social Inclusion
Many NGOs operate with the explicit aim of fostering social inclusion, combatting prejudice and discrimination. They organize sensitization programs, community-building events, and public campaigns to promote mutual respect and understanding among diverse societal groups.
Advancing Economic Inclusion
NGOs play a substantial role in promoting economic inclusivity. They provide vocational training, financial literacy programs, and microcredit facilities to marginalized communities, thereby enhancing their economic security and independence.
Fostering Educational Inclusion
NGOs are at the forefront of initiatives aimed at educational inclusion, ensuring that all children, irrespective of their background, have access to quality education. These efforts range from building schools in remote areas to advocating for inclusive education policies.
NGOs, the Bedrock of an Inclusive Society
The influence of NGOs in shaping an inclusive society is profound. These organizations, through their direct action and advocacy, work tirelessly to ensure everyone has the opportunity to participate fully in society. While there is still much work to be done, NGOs remain an indispensable ally in the ongoing quest for inclusivity. As we continue to navigate the complexities of our diverse world, the role of NGOs in fostering an inclusive society will remain as relevant as ever.
NGOs' ground-level work involves a range of activities, from delivering services to neglected communities, to implementing projects that uplift the underprivileged.
A World Seeking Inclusivity
Today, we live in a world marked by growing awareness about the diverse tapestry of cultures, ideologies, abilities, and lifestyles that comprise it. The term ‘inclusivity’ now pervades discussions across various societal strata, representing a global aspiration to create an equitable and just society that embraces all. As powerful instruments of social transformation, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play a pivotal role in this discourse, fostering inclusivity through various initiatives and programs.
NGOs as Catalysts for Inclusivity
Non-Governmental Organizations, by their very nature, bridge the gap between governmental institutions and the civil society, often acting as the voice of the marginalized. These organizations, often founded on principles of social justice and equity, strive to ensure that society’s benefits are extended to all. Their missions range from tackling discrimination to providing essential resources and services, making NGOs critical pillars of an inclusive society.
Power of NGOs: Agents of Change and Advocacy
NGOs wield significant power in driving the inclusion agenda through two primary pathways: direct action and advocacy.
Direct Action: Empowering the Marginalized
NGOs’ ground-level work involves a range of activities, from delivering services to neglected communities, to implementing projects that uplift the underprivileged. These organizations often work in regions where government reach is limited, providing vital resources such as education, healthcare, and livelihood opportunities. By doing so, they actively dismantle systemic barriers and open up new opportunities, empowering marginalized groups to participate fully in society.
Advocacy: Shaping Inclusive Policies
NGOs are also instrumental in policy advocacy, lobbying for the rights and needs of underrepresented communities. They amplify these communities’ voices, ensuring their concerns are acknowledged in policy-making arenas. NGOs’ relentless advocacy often results in more inclusive and equitable legislation, thus reinforcing the foundation of an inclusive society.
The Role of NGOs in Key Spheres of Inclusivity
NGOs’ work spans various domains in the pursuit of a more inclusive society. Some key areas include:
Promoting Social Inclusion
Many NGOs operate with the explicit aim of fostering social inclusion, combatting prejudice and discrimination. They organize sensitization programs, community-building events, and public campaigns to promote mutual respect and understanding among diverse societal groups.
Advancing Economic Inclusion
NGOs play a substantial role in promoting economic inclusivity. They provide vocational training, financial literacy programs, and microcredit facilities to marginalized communities, thereby enhancing their economic security and independence.
Fostering Educational Inclusion
NGOs are at the forefront of initiatives aimed at educational inclusion, ensuring that all children, irrespective of their background, have access to quality education. These efforts range from building schools in remote areas to advocating for inclusive education policies.
NGOs, the Bedrock of an Inclusive Society
The influence of NGOs in shaping an inclusive society is profound. These organizations, through their direct action and advocacy, work tirelessly to ensure everyone has the opportunity to participate fully in society. While there is still much work to be done, NGOs remain an indispensable ally in the ongoing quest for inclusivity. As we continue to navigate the complexities of our diverse world, the role of NGOs in fostering an inclusive society will remain as relevant as ever.
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CSE ANSWER WRITING
The Power and Role of NGOs in Shaping an Inclusive Society NGOs' ground-level work involves a range of activities, from delivering services to neglected communities, to implementing projects that uplift the underprivileged. A World Seeking Inclusivity Today…
Good article related to NGOs.. Read it
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Choose any one as per your choice
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. चिंतन एक तरह का खेल है, यह तब तक प्रारम्भ नहीं होता, जब तक एक विरोधी पक्ष न हो ।
Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. लड़कियाँ बंदिशों के तथा लड़के अपेक्षा के बोझ तले दबे हुए होते हैं - दोनों ही समान रूप से हानिकारक व्यवस्थाएँ हैं।
Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands two equally harmful disciplines.
#essay
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. चिंतन एक तरह का खेल है, यह तब तक प्रारम्भ नहीं होता, जब तक एक विरोधी पक्ष न हो ।
Thinking is like a game, it does not begin unless there is an opposite team.
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. लड़कियाँ बंदिशों के तथा लड़के अपेक्षा के बोझ तले दबे हुए होते हैं - दोनों ही समान रूप से हानिकारक व्यवस्थाएँ हैं।
Girls are weighed down by restrictions, boys with demands two equally harmful disciplines.
#essay
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Q. मध्यकालीन भारत के फ़ारसी साहित्यिक स्रोत उस काल के युगबोध का प्रतिबिंब हैं । टिप्पणी कीजिए। (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Persian literary sources of medieval India reflect the spirit of the age. Comment. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
Persian literary sources of medieval India reflect the spirit of the age. Comment. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
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Q. Persian literary sources of mediaeval India reflect the spirit of the age. Comment?
Persian literature gained prominence during the Delhi Sultanate primarily during the mediaeval era around 12th AD. The writings of Fariq-i-Firuz Shahi, Akbarnama and many more explored the socio-political conditions of that period.
▪️The Persian literature reflects the spirit of the age in the following ways:
1. Political structure of Mediaeval India:
a. Ziauddin Barani’s Tahrik-i- Firoz Shahi about Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
b. Akbar Nama by Abu Fazl.
c. Both described the Political unit at centre, provincial and state level along with the type of administration
during Delhi and Mughal dynasties.
2. Social Aspects: Amir Khusro reflected that:
a. Brahmins were the dominant sections among the Hindus.
b. He also mentions the exploitative nature of the Jizya Tax.
c. He reflected the Ganga-Jamuni Tehzeeb.
3. Religious Aspect:
a. Religious tolerance towards others.
b. Important festivals as means of entertainment.
c. Tuzuq-i-Jahagiri, Rihala are a few of the important sources.
Overall, these Persian sources not only talk about the Indian condition but also popularized Indian culture worldwide. For example, Dara Shikoh translated Gita and Mahabharata into Persian. They also bring different ideas to the sub-continent. The development of Hindavi and Urdu is very much influenced by the work of Amir Khusro.
Persian literature gained prominence during the Delhi Sultanate primarily during the mediaeval era around 12th AD. The writings of Fariq-i-Firuz Shahi, Akbarnama and many more explored the socio-political conditions of that period.
▪️The Persian literature reflects the spirit of the age in the following ways:
1. Political structure of Mediaeval India:
a. Ziauddin Barani’s Tahrik-i- Firoz Shahi about Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
b. Akbar Nama by Abu Fazl.
c. Both described the Political unit at centre, provincial and state level along with the type of administration
during Delhi and Mughal dynasties.
2. Social Aspects: Amir Khusro reflected that:
a. Brahmins were the dominant sections among the Hindus.
b. He also mentions the exploitative nature of the Jizya Tax.
c. He reflected the Ganga-Jamuni Tehzeeb.
3. Religious Aspect:
a. Religious tolerance towards others.
b. Important festivals as means of entertainment.
c. Tuzuq-i-Jahagiri, Rihala are a few of the important sources.
Overall, these Persian sources not only talk about the Indian condition but also popularized Indian culture worldwide. For example, Dara Shikoh translated Gita and Mahabharata into Persian. They also bring different ideas to the sub-continent. The development of Hindavi and Urdu is very much influenced by the work of Amir Khusro.
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Q. नदियों को आपस में जोड़ना सूखा, बाढ़ और बाधित जल परिवहन जैसी बहु-आयामी अन्तर्सम्बन्धित समस्याओं का व्यवहार्य समाधान दे सकता है आलोचनात्मक परीक्षण कीजिए । (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. The interlinking of rivers can provide viable solutions to the multi-dimensional inter-related problems of droughts, floods and interrupted navigation. Critically examine. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
Q. The interlinking of rivers can provide viable solutions to the multi-dimensional inter-related problems of droughts, floods and interrupted navigation. Critically examine. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
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Q. The interlinking of rivers can provide viable solutions to the multidimensional interrelated problems of droughts, floods and interrupted navigation. Critically examine.
Interlinking of river projects as under National River Linking project aspires to transfer water from water surplus regions to water deficient regions by linking rivers through a network of canals, barrages and reservoirs. First proposed in 1980, it is touted as a solution to problems of floods, droughts and internal navigation.
▪️Benefits of river interlinking:
✅ Power generation: Total 34 GW, will reduce dependence on coal.
✅ Seamless network of internal navigation connecting the hinterlands to mainland.
✅ Flood and drought Control via basin transfer of water from surplus to deficient regions.
✅ Solution to water crisis- a problem plaguing over 58% of India
✅ Irrigation benefits: to 35 million hectares of water deficit peninsular and western regions.
✅ Diversify income via fisheries.
✅ Ecological benefits like groundwater recharge, filtration.
▪️Concerns associated with the project:
✅ Very high project costs: approximately 5 lakh crores.
✅ Social impact: displacement of people, rehabilitation and compensation.
✅ Political conflicts due to water being in the state list of 7thschedule and lack of state level consensus.
✅ International disputes with neighbours like Bangladesh, Nepal.
✅ Issues with maintenance of canals- sedimentation.
✅ Environmental impact: project will require Submergence/Divergence of forests and agricultural lands- habitat loss to fauna as well as environmental degradation.
Ken Betwa river link threatens to submerge 25% of Panna TR. It is thus imperative that local solutions like the Aahar-Pyne model be focused upon, in addition to watershed management and rainwater harvesting.
The river linking project provides a unique opportunity to meet the challenge of floods, droughts and Interrupted navigation, but it comes with its own set of challenges. Thus, it requires careful deliberation and case by case consideration.
Interlinking of river projects as under National River Linking project aspires to transfer water from water surplus regions to water deficient regions by linking rivers through a network of canals, barrages and reservoirs. First proposed in 1980, it is touted as a solution to problems of floods, droughts and internal navigation.
▪️Benefits of river interlinking:
✅ Power generation: Total 34 GW, will reduce dependence on coal.
✅ Seamless network of internal navigation connecting the hinterlands to mainland.
✅ Flood and drought Control via basin transfer of water from surplus to deficient regions.
✅ Solution to water crisis- a problem plaguing over 58% of India
✅ Irrigation benefits: to 35 million hectares of water deficit peninsular and western regions.
✅ Diversify income via fisheries.
✅ Ecological benefits like groundwater recharge, filtration.
▪️Concerns associated with the project:
✅ Very high project costs: approximately 5 lakh crores.
✅ Social impact: displacement of people, rehabilitation and compensation.
✅ Political conflicts due to water being in the state list of 7thschedule and lack of state level consensus.
✅ International disputes with neighbours like Bangladesh, Nepal.
✅ Issues with maintenance of canals- sedimentation.
✅ Environmental impact: project will require Submergence/Divergence of forests and agricultural lands- habitat loss to fauna as well as environmental degradation.
Ken Betwa river link threatens to submerge 25% of Panna TR. It is thus imperative that local solutions like the Aahar-Pyne model be focused upon, in addition to watershed management and rainwater harvesting.
The river linking project provides a unique opportunity to meet the challenge of floods, droughts and Interrupted navigation, but it comes with its own set of challenges. Thus, it requires careful deliberation and case by case consideration.
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Q. 1920 के दशक से राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन ने कई वैचारिक धाराओं को ग्रहण किया और अपना सामाजिक आधार बढ़ाया। विवेचना कीजिए। (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. Since the decade of the 1920s, the national movement acquired various ideological strands and thereby expanded its social base. Discuss. ( Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
Q. Since the decade of the 1920s, the national movement acquired various ideological strands and thereby expanded its social base. Discuss. ( Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
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Q. Since the decade of 1920s, the national movement acquired various ideological strands and thereby expanded its social base. Discuss. (15 marks)
The Indian national movement was undoubtedly one of the biggest mass movements modern societies have ever seen. However, it was the post-1920s that saw an evolution of INM and it led to a spectrum of ideas from left to right expanding its social phase which was largely educated middle-class.
▪️The views of the various ideological strands are as follows:
✅ Gandhism: Ideas based on non-violence, truth appealed to common masses and more so women.
✅ Communism: Led by M N Roy and other leaders. it focussed on freedom of labour and peasants sought to include them in the movement.
✅ Socialism: A new crop of leaders within Congress like S.C Bose, Jawahar Lal Nehru sought to broaden the idea of an equal society with the role for almost all classes.
✅ The revolutionary idea with traits of socialism: Bhagat Singh (HSRA) brought more youths
✅ Capitalism: The emergence of the indigenous capitalist class sought their restrained role in national movement through support to Congress.
✅ Islamist nationalism: New youth disenchanted with the British rule and treatment to Khalifa supported nationalism and broadening INM as seen in Muslims huge participation in NCM. But later on, it developed into an idea of a separate nation led by Jinnah.
✅ Communalism: British 'divide and rule' yielded results with communalism dividing the movement and weakening it from time to time.
✅ The idea of marginalised liberation: It developed in parallel with INM where both British and Indian elite were considered exploiter, thus a united movement by marginalised as well gaining concession from the government was approached.
It will be accurate to say that these strands did not behave exclusively in their capacities, rather they complemented and supplemented each other one way and another. It resulted in the social base to stand out as togetherness of different masses.
The Indian national movement was undoubtedly one of the biggest mass movements modern societies have ever seen. However, it was the post-1920s that saw an evolution of INM and it led to a spectrum of ideas from left to right expanding its social phase which was largely educated middle-class.
▪️The views of the various ideological strands are as follows:
✅ Gandhism: Ideas based on non-violence, truth appealed to common masses and more so women.
✅ Communism: Led by M N Roy and other leaders. it focussed on freedom of labour and peasants sought to include them in the movement.
✅ Socialism: A new crop of leaders within Congress like S.C Bose, Jawahar Lal Nehru sought to broaden the idea of an equal society with the role for almost all classes.
✅ The revolutionary idea with traits of socialism: Bhagat Singh (HSRA) brought more youths
✅ Capitalism: The emergence of the indigenous capitalist class sought their restrained role in national movement through support to Congress.
✅ Islamist nationalism: New youth disenchanted with the British rule and treatment to Khalifa supported nationalism and broadening INM as seen in Muslims huge participation in NCM. But later on, it developed into an idea of a separate nation led by Jinnah.
✅ Communalism: British 'divide and rule' yielded results with communalism dividing the movement and weakening it from time to time.
✅ The idea of marginalised liberation: It developed in parallel with INM where both British and Indian elite were considered exploiter, thus a united movement by marginalised as well gaining concession from the government was approached.
It will be accurate to say that these strands did not behave exclusively in their capacities, rather they complemented and supplemented each other one way and another. It resulted in the social base to stand out as togetherness of different masses.
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Q. भारत में दशलक्षीय नगरों जिनमें हैदराबाद एवं पुणे जैसे स्मार्ट सिटीज़ भी सम्मिलित हैं, में व्यापक बाढ़ के कारण बताइए । स्थायी निराकरण के उपाय भी सुझाइए। (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. ( Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
Q. Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. ( Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
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Q. Account for the huge flooding of million cities in India including the smart ones like Hyderabad and Pune. Suggest lasting remedial measures. (15 marks)
Urban flooding is primarily a consequence of anthropogenic activity wherein flood water transgresses into the urban or peri-urban areas. It has been a common menace worldwide in the 21st century, with Chennai floods of 2015 and the more recent Pune and Hyderabad floods being infamous examples.
▪️Causes behind Urban flooding:
✅ Climate change leading to excessive rainfall
✅ Downpour far exceeding city discharge capacity
✅ Poor waste management leading to choking of drains
✅ Unsustainable city planning without factoring hydrological concerns
✅ Destruction of Storage systems like wetlands, lakes due to urbanisation pressure
▪️Impact of urban flooding:
✅ Vector borne and water borne diseases like cholera, dengue etc.
✅ Damage to infrastructure- roads, buildings.
✅ Disruption of utilities supply like electricity, Broadband etc.
✅ Brings economic activities to a pause-impact on national scale.
✅ Disruption in transportation, aid and relief.
✅ Man-animal conflict- crocodiles entering residential areas during Vadodara floods.
▪️Remedial Measures:
✅ Climate resilient infrastructure- SPONGE cities proposed under SENDAI framework
✅ Use of technology for mitigation, adaptation and early warning
✅ Sustainable city planning with adequate emphasis on hydrology, topography and drainage
✅ Wetland reclamation, curtailing Encroachments and limiting building activity in dry seasons.
✅ Rainwater harvesting as mandated by MoHUA.
Cities serve as economic engines, contributing to 70% Gross Value Addition. With climate change being a prevalent reality, steps must be taken to adapt, mitigate and build flood resilient cities in accordance with Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) and Sendai Framework guidelines.
Urban flooding is primarily a consequence of anthropogenic activity wherein flood water transgresses into the urban or peri-urban areas. It has been a common menace worldwide in the 21st century, with Chennai floods of 2015 and the more recent Pune and Hyderabad floods being infamous examples.
▪️Causes behind Urban flooding:
✅ Climate change leading to excessive rainfall
✅ Downpour far exceeding city discharge capacity
✅ Poor waste management leading to choking of drains
✅ Unsustainable city planning without factoring hydrological concerns
✅ Destruction of Storage systems like wetlands, lakes due to urbanisation pressure
▪️Impact of urban flooding:
✅ Vector borne and water borne diseases like cholera, dengue etc.
✅ Damage to infrastructure- roads, buildings.
✅ Disruption of utilities supply like electricity, Broadband etc.
✅ Brings economic activities to a pause-impact on national scale.
✅ Disruption in transportation, aid and relief.
✅ Man-animal conflict- crocodiles entering residential areas during Vadodara floods.
▪️Remedial Measures:
✅ Climate resilient infrastructure- SPONGE cities proposed under SENDAI framework
✅ Use of technology for mitigation, adaptation and early warning
✅ Sustainable city planning with adequate emphasis on hydrology, topography and drainage
✅ Wetland reclamation, curtailing Encroachments and limiting building activity in dry seasons.
✅ Rainwater harvesting as mandated by MoHUA.
Cities serve as economic engines, contributing to 70% Gross Value Addition. With climate change being a prevalent reality, steps must be taken to adapt, mitigate and build flood resilient cities in accordance with Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) and Sendai Framework guidelines.
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Choose any one as per your choice
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते हैं जब अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।
Mathematics is the music of reason.
#essay
खण्ड — A / SECTION - A
1. दूरदर्शी निर्णय तभी लिए जाते हैं जब अंतर्ज्ञान और तर्क का परस्पर मेल होता है।
Visionary decision-making happens at the intersection of intuition and logic.
खण्ड — B / SECTION - B
2. गणित ज्ञान का संगीत है।
Mathematics is the music of reason.
#essay
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Q. भारत में सौर ऊर्जा की प्रचुर संभावनाएँ हैं हालाँकि इसके विकास में क्षेत्रीय भिन्नताएँ हैं। विस्तृत वर्णन कीजिए। (250 शब्दों में उत्तर दीजिए)
Q. India has immense potential of solar energy though there are regional variations in its development. Elaborate. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
Q. India has immense potential of solar energy though there are regional variations in its development. Elaborate. (Answer in 250 words)
#gs1
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प्र. भारत में सौर ऊर्जा की अपार संभावनाएं हैं हालांकि इसके विकास में क्षेत्रीय विविधताएं हैं। (15 अंक)
भारत में प्रति वर्ष 4000 ट्रिलियन किलोवाट की बड़ी सौर ऊर्जा उपलब्धता के कारण, सौर ऊर्जा नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा का प्रमुख घटक है। इसकी स्वच्छ प्रकृति, उत्पादन में आसानी आदि के कारण पारंपरिक ऊर्जा स्रोतों की तुलना में इसके कई फायदे हैं।
भारत की सौर ऊर्जा क्षमता है
यह जबरदस्त है क्योंकि यह इस क्षेत्र में एक प्रमुख खिलाड़ी के रूप में खड़ा है। भारत की इच्छित राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर निर्धारित योगदान (आईएनडीसी) प्रतिबद्धता में 2022 तक 175 गीगावॉट नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा में से 100 गीगावॉट सौर ऊर्जा शामिल है। वर्तमान में, यह 43 गीगावॉट है।
▪️क्षेत्रीय विविधताएँ:
✅ राजस्थान और कच्छ के रेगिस्तानी इलाकों में बंजर भूमि है और उच्च सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है - जो सौर ऊर्जा के अनुकूल है
✅ हिमालय और उत्तर पूर्व भारत में कम सौर सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है या भूभाग के कारण सौर ऊर्जा उत्पन्न होती है
लाभप्रद नहीं
✅ रूफटॉप सोलर पैनल कार्यक्रम में शहरी शहरों को शुद्ध बिजली जनरेटर बनाने की जबरदस्त क्षमता है
✅उष्णकटिबंधीय के नजदीक वाले राज्यों में बड़े पैमाने पर सौर सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है और उन्हें हॉटस्पॉट माना जाता है।
✅ केरल जैसे तटीय राज्यों में मुख्य राज्यों की तुलना में लंबे मानसून के मौसम के कारण मध्यम उत्पादन क्षमता होती है।
▪️सौर ऊर्जा कार्यक्रम की चुनौतियाँ:
✅ अतिउत्पादन के कारण टैरिफ दरें बहुत कम हो गईं।
✅ उत्पादन और तकनीकी बाधा: पीवी कोशिकाओं के लिए लिथियम मुख्य रूप से चीन से आयात किया जाता है।
✅ग्रिड के साथ सौर ऊर्जा का खराब एकीकरण
✅ सोलर पार्क के लिए भूमि अधिग्रहण एक बहुत ही जोखिम भरा काम।
भारत सरकार ने पीएम कुसुम, सरल इंडेक्स, गुजरात में फ्लोटिंग सोलर प्लांट, आईएसए आदि जैसी कई पहलों और नीतियों के साथ सौर ऊर्जा बाजार को आगे बढ़ाया है।
अपने कम कार्बन पदचिह्न के साथ सौर ऊर्जा पारंपरिक ऊर्जा स्रोतों का एक संभावित विकल्प हो सकती है और सीओपी 26, ग्लासगो में आईएनडीसी और पंचामृत प्रस्तावों के तहत भारत की प्रतिबद्धताओं को पूरा करने में मदद करेगी।
भारत में प्रति वर्ष 4000 ट्रिलियन किलोवाट की बड़ी सौर ऊर्जा उपलब्धता के कारण, सौर ऊर्जा नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा का प्रमुख घटक है। इसकी स्वच्छ प्रकृति, उत्पादन में आसानी आदि के कारण पारंपरिक ऊर्जा स्रोतों की तुलना में इसके कई फायदे हैं।
भारत की सौर ऊर्जा क्षमता है
यह जबरदस्त है क्योंकि यह इस क्षेत्र में एक प्रमुख खिलाड़ी के रूप में खड़ा है। भारत की इच्छित राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर निर्धारित योगदान (आईएनडीसी) प्रतिबद्धता में 2022 तक 175 गीगावॉट नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा में से 100 गीगावॉट सौर ऊर्जा शामिल है। वर्तमान में, यह 43 गीगावॉट है।
▪️क्षेत्रीय विविधताएँ:
✅ राजस्थान और कच्छ के रेगिस्तानी इलाकों में बंजर भूमि है और उच्च सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है - जो सौर ऊर्जा के अनुकूल है
✅ हिमालय और उत्तर पूर्व भारत में कम सौर सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है या भूभाग के कारण सौर ऊर्जा उत्पन्न होती है
लाभप्रद नहीं
✅ रूफटॉप सोलर पैनल कार्यक्रम में शहरी शहरों को शुद्ध बिजली जनरेटर बनाने की जबरदस्त क्षमता है
✅उष्णकटिबंधीय के नजदीक वाले राज्यों में बड़े पैमाने पर सौर सूर्यातप प्राप्त होता है और उन्हें हॉटस्पॉट माना जाता है।
✅ केरल जैसे तटीय राज्यों में मुख्य राज्यों की तुलना में लंबे मानसून के मौसम के कारण मध्यम उत्पादन क्षमता होती है।
▪️सौर ऊर्जा कार्यक्रम की चुनौतियाँ:
✅ अतिउत्पादन के कारण टैरिफ दरें बहुत कम हो गईं।
✅ उत्पादन और तकनीकी बाधा: पीवी कोशिकाओं के लिए लिथियम मुख्य रूप से चीन से आयात किया जाता है।
✅ग्रिड के साथ सौर ऊर्जा का खराब एकीकरण
✅ सोलर पार्क के लिए भूमि अधिग्रहण एक बहुत ही जोखिम भरा काम।
भारत सरकार ने पीएम कुसुम, सरल इंडेक्स, गुजरात में फ्लोटिंग सोलर प्लांट, आईएसए आदि जैसी कई पहलों और नीतियों के साथ सौर ऊर्जा बाजार को आगे बढ़ाया है।
अपने कम कार्बन पदचिह्न के साथ सौर ऊर्जा पारंपरिक ऊर्जा स्रोतों का एक संभावित विकल्प हो सकती है और सीओपी 26, ग्लासगो में आईएनडीसी और पंचामृत प्रस्तावों के तहत भारत की प्रतिबद्धताओं को पूरा करने में मदद करेगी।
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