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๐Ÿ›ก๏ธ Understanding Key Terms in Internal Security & Insurgency ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ

๐Ÿ“Œ OGWs (Over Ground Workers)
โžค Non-combatants aiding militants through logistics, shelter, money & intel. The silent backbone of insurgencies.

๐Ÿ“Œ Hybrid Militants
โžค Civilians by day, attackers by night. Trained but not permanently associated with militant camps โ€” hard to detect.

๐Ÿ“Œ Narcoterrorism
โžค Terror funded by drugs. A deadly nexus between narcotics trade and terrorism โ€” thriving in porous border regions.

๐Ÿ“Œ Proxy War
โžค Indirect conflict via non-state actors. E.g., India-Pakistan tensions often feature this mode of warfare.

๐Ÿ“Œ Asymmetrical Warfare
โžค Weak vs. strong using unconventional tactics like terror, insurgency, guerrilla warfare.

๐Ÿ“Œ State Sponsors of Terrorism
โžค Nations backing terrorism via money, training, or safe havens. A major global concern.

๐Ÿ“Œ Hinterland
โžค Internal areas beyond the border where sleeper cells or OGWs may plan, hide, or regroup.

๐Ÿ“Œ Combing Operation
โžค Intense area-wise search by forces to flush out militants, seize weapons, or dismantle camps.

๐Ÿ“Œ Loitering Munitions
โžค Kamikaze drones that circle & strike when target spotted โ€” modern warfare in action.

๐Ÿ“Œ Indus Waters Treaty (IWT)
โžค Water-sharing pact between India & Pakistan. Security tensions have revived talks of its review as a diplomatic tool.
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Simple tool to revise Prelims PYQs

Download now -
https://saval.ai/link?s=telegram&m=Ga1&c=4&t=playstore
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Few tips for upcoming UPSC CSE Prelims

1) Revise daily
2) Limit your resources
3) Focus on static part
4) Current affairs will never end. So, focus on important areas only
5) PYQs are more important than any coaching material
5) Don't ignore CSAT

Good night
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Reports

Important for Prelims
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Important Inscriptions For Prelims Notes.pdf
468.9 KB
#Prelims Notes ๐Ÿ‘‰
Important Inscriptions
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เคตเคฟเคจเคพเคถ เค•เคพเคฒเฅ‡ เคตเคฟเคชเคฐเฅ€เคค เคฌเฅเคฆเฅเคงเคฟ. Pakistan is treading a dangerous path. We all Indians stand resolute and united against this folly. Jai Hind! ๐Ÿ‡ฎ๐Ÿ‡ณ
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_Parliamentary Committees.pdf
146 KB
Parliamentary Committees
Short Notes
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IMF - related terms


๐Ÿ’ฐ IMF Lending Facilities


1) Extended Fund Facility (EFF) โ€“ Long-term lending for structural reforms.

2) Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) โ€“ Short-term assistance for balance of payments crises.

3) Rapid Financing Instrument (RFI) โ€“ Quick assistance without major conditionality for urgent needs.

4) Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust (PRGT) โ€“ Concessional loans for low-income countries.

5) Rapid Credit Facility (RCF) โ€“ Quick concessional financial support for low-income countries.

6) Flexible Credit Line (FCL) โ€“ Precautionary credit for countries with strong fundamentals.

7) Precautionary and Liquidity Line (PLL) โ€“ Credit line for countries with sound policies but moderate vulnerabilities.

8) Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) โ€“ Newly created to help countries tackle climate and pandemic risks.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

๐Ÿ“ IMF Policy & Monitoring Tools

1) Article IV Consultations โ€“ Annual surveillance of member countriesโ€™ economies.

2) Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) โ€“ International reserve asset allocated to member countries.

3) Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) โ€“ Evaluation of financial stability and development.

4) Technical Assistance and Capacity Development โ€“ Support for building effective institutions and policies.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

๐ŸŒ IMF Governance & Operations

1) Quota System โ€“ Determines a countryโ€™s financial contribution and voting power.

2) Board of Governors โ€“ Highest decision-making body of the IMF.

3) Executive Board โ€“ Handles day-to-day operations and policy implementation.

4) IMF Conditionality โ€“ Economic policy adjustments required for access to IMF financing.
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Relationship between critical minerals and rare earth elements ๐Ÿ‘‰

Rare Earth Elements (REEs) are a subset of Critical Minerals. All REEs are critical, but not all critical minerals are REEs.
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India, Pak Have Agreed To Stop All Military Action On Land, Sea And Air From 5 pm
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To everyone in the affected areas, please stay safe and remain strong.
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๐Ÿ‘‰ Keep studying, everyone!
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Tricks & Mnemonics for IAS PRELIMS Exam

Simplify your exam preparation.

LINK -  https://books .upscsupersimplified.com/

Amazon - https://amzn.to/3EuqvLu

For PDF - Click Here

Helpline - @dr_gjsontake / 7827779142
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Ancient books
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2025/07/10 15:14:56
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