I've evaluated numerous GS answers and essays in the past three days, and a significant issue keeps reappearing: language skills. This seems especially prevalent among students from vernacular mediums.

Common problems I'm seeing include:

- Overly long sentences
- Grammar mistakes
- Spelling errors

These issues create a very poor impression on evaluators. Make language a priority!

Short Solutions:
- Read actively: Pay attention to sentence structure, grammar, and spelling in quality newspapers and editorials.
- Practice daily writing: Write short paragraphs on current affairs topics.
- Get feedback: Ask a mentor or peer to review your writing specifically for language.

Your future life is more important than our coaching profits.

UPSC Agri PYQ on Millets Explained - https://youtu.be/bBWGGOzTBRg

Don't wait for the result. Keep studying.

Ethics keyword = Key to success in ethics paper

If you are feeling stuck after prelims, start with Mains Specific Topics 👉
1) Ethics
2) GS 1 - World History, Society
3) GS 2 - Social Justice, Governance, IR
3) GS 3 - Disaster Management, Internal Security, etc

Each topic in the second edition of How to master UPSC mains features ready-to-use introductions, designed to save you time.

Ethics Example:
Once Lal Bahadur Shastri was imprisoned but was granted a 15 day parol to visit his ailing daughter. His daughter died in the next 3 days, he performed her last rites and returned back to jail even though he had more than 10 days of parole left.

Application: Honesty, Integrity.

Creative note-making isn't just an art, it's a science of memory: the more imaginative your notes, the longer you'll retain what you learn.

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Landslide Monitoring and Early Warning System by IIT Mandi

You can add this case study in landslide related answers. In 2nd edition, I have added few ready to use case studies like this.

Stats for Arctic Resources

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Ever wonder why it's so hard to catch corrupt bureaucrats? Chanakya's fish and water analogy explains it perfectly: Like a fish drinking water, they steal government funds without a trace.

Two important IR topics for UPSC CSE Mains 2025 -

1) Indus Water Treaty
2) Shimla Agreement