Malacca straits is an 800 km important shipping lane which is connecting Andaman Sea and Pacific Ocean.
The strait is strategically more important for India as India's proximity to the malacca strait.
India's has interest in the strait as 60% India's sea based trade and 100% LNG import passed through this strait.
Even this strait is responsible for 40 to 50% global trade and 7p% Asias oil import transit through this strait.
Very important for GS2 IR, Security, trade.
#upsc
The strait is strategically more important for India as India's proximity to the malacca strait.
India's has interest in the strait as 60% India's sea based trade and 100% LNG import passed through this strait.
Even this strait is responsible for 40 to 50% global trade and 7p% Asias oil import transit through this strait.
Very important for GS2 IR, Security, trade.
#upsc
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Total Fertility Rate (TFR) refers to the average number of children expected to be born per woman during her entire reproductive span.
The National Population Policy, 2000 targeted India’s TFR to be brought down to 2.1.
However, India’s current TFR has declined to 1.9.
States like Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have a TFR below 2.1.
This is an important topic for areas such as Society, Health, Essay and Sociology.
#upsc
The National Population Policy, 2000 targeted India’s TFR to be brought down to 2.1.
However, India’s current TFR has declined to 1.9.
States like Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Maharashtra, and West Bengal have a TFR below 2.1.
This is an important topic for areas such as Society, Health, Essay and Sociology.
#upsc
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Integrated theatre command is an unified structure where assets from army, navy, airforce operate under single commander for specific geographical area.
1st time ITC along with the post of CDS was recommended by Kargil war review committee 1999.
Subsequently , Shekatkar committee, 2016 proposed 3 theatre command (western, southern and northern) for tri service synergy.
Currently Andaman and Nicobar has India's theatre command which was established in 2001 and strategic force command for management of strategic nuclear weapons which was established in 2003.
Important for UPSC GS3
1st time ITC along with the post of CDS was recommended by Kargil war review committee 1999.
Subsequently , Shekatkar committee, 2016 proposed 3 theatre command (western, southern and northern) for tri service synergy.
Currently Andaman and Nicobar has India's theatre command which was established in 2001 and strategic force command for management of strategic nuclear weapons which was established in 2003.
Important for UPSC GS3
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Should I start mentoring over phone calls (15 to 20) minutes weekly on UPSC Pre and mains related topics ?
Any suggestions
Pls ping me on @civilsdream
Any suggestions
Pls ping me on @civilsdream
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Forwarded from UPSC SUPER SIMPLIFIED (Dr. Gaurav J. Sontake)
We are planning to start in-depth DAF analysis for UPSC Mains 2025 aspirants.
Interested candidates can DM me at @dr_gjsontake
Interested candidates can DM me at @dr_gjsontake
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Important for GS 2 health.
Over dependence on technology
GS3
Over dependence on technology
GS3
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Editorial on Agrivoltics.
Generation of solar power from farm land and at the same time cultivation of crops.
It will provide steady income to farmers and can fulfill 2 goals
Climate resilient Agriculture
Renewable energy generation targets.
Important for GS 3
Agriculture
Renewable energy
#upsc
Generation of solar power from farm land and at the same time cultivation of crops.
It will provide steady income to farmers and can fulfill 2 goals
Climate resilient Agriculture
Renewable energy generation targets.
Important for GS 3
Agriculture
Renewable energy
#upsc
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AI led efficiency can contribute to 8% of GDP growth target.
Important for GS3
GDP, economy and technological advancements.
#upsc
Important for GS3
GDP, economy and technological advancements.
#upsc
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Despite tarrifs and global uncertainty India's export surge in August month.
Interesting thing is our export for USA has also remained intact.
Export: important for GS 3.
#upsc
Interesting thing is our export for USA has also remained intact.
Export: important for GS 3.
#upsc
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Pakistan Afghanistan and Iran areconsidered as a "Golden Crescent" also known as "Death Crescent"as the region is infamous for drugs.
Recent activities noticed at Punjab border of drone driven drug dropping.
Apart from Death Crescent,there is Death triangle for illegal supply of drugs through Myanmar, Thailand and Combodia.
NDPS Act,1985 was enacted for prevention of transport, manufacturing nd supply of Drugs.
Narcotics control bureau us central law enforcement and intelligence agency to combat drug trafficking.
Important for GS3
Internal Security.
#Upsc
Recent activities noticed at Punjab border of drone driven drug dropping.
Apart from Death Crescent,there is Death triangle for illegal supply of drugs through Myanmar, Thailand and Combodia.
NDPS Act,1985 was enacted for prevention of transport, manufacturing nd supply of Drugs.
Narcotics control bureau us central law enforcement and intelligence agency to combat drug trafficking.
Important for GS3
Internal Security.
#Upsc
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Government is identifying 100 items that India imports in large amount and reducing it with capacity building of domestic manufacturers.
This is important for :
1. Growth of MSME
2. Forex reserves
3. Controlling Current Account Deficit
4. Tackle the issue of Supply chain management
5. Employment generation
#UPSC
This is important for :
1. Growth of MSME
2. Forex reserves
3. Controlling Current Account Deficit
4. Tackle the issue of Supply chain management
5. Employment generation
#UPSC
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Rolls-Royce has opened its largest Global Capability Centre in Bengaluru.
A Global Capability Centre (GCC) is essentially an office or branch of a multinational company set up in another country, like India, to manage important functions such as software development, accounting, data analysis, and other critical operations for their global business.
India is rapidly emerging as a preferred destination for GCCs because of its skilled workforce, strong infrastructure, and relatively lower operating costs compared to other countries.
Do you think GCCs can become a game changer for India—especially in terms of employment generation, attracting investments, and building the capacities of our youth?
A Global Capability Centre (GCC) is essentially an office or branch of a multinational company set up in another country, like India, to manage important functions such as software development, accounting, data analysis, and other critical operations for their global business.
India is rapidly emerging as a preferred destination for GCCs because of its skilled workforce, strong infrastructure, and relatively lower operating costs compared to other countries.
Do you think GCCs can become a game changer for India—especially in terms of employment generation, attracting investments, and building the capacities of our youth?
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Japnese tissue mending technology used to preserve archival documents.
What is japnese tissue mending technology:
Japanese Tissue Mending is a traditional conservation technique where thin handmade Japanese paper (washi) is used to repair torn or fragile documents, books, and artworks. It’s strong, lightweight, and reversible—helping preserve history without harming the original.
Important for UPSC/PCS prelims
#upsc
What is japnese tissue mending technology:
Japanese Tissue Mending is a traditional conservation technique where thin handmade Japanese paper (washi) is used to repair torn or fragile documents, books, and artworks. It’s strong, lightweight, and reversible—helping preserve history without harming the original.
Important for UPSC/PCS prelims
#upsc
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The 11-Year Journey of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), a national mission for financial inclusion, has completed 11 years since its launch on August 28, 2014. The scheme, which was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on India's Independence Day, has had a transformative impact on the country's financial landscape by bringing millions of previously unbanked citizens into the formal banking system.
Key Achievements and Impact:
Expanded Banking Access: The scheme has been instrumental in reducing the percentage of the unbanked adult population in India. A significant number of new bank accounts have been opened under PMJDY, with a reported 56 crore accounts opened by late 2025. This is a massive leap from 2011, when nearly 40% of the adult population was unbanked.
Empowering Women: A notable success of the scheme is the high participation of women. Over 56% of the total PMJDY accounts are held by women, indicating the scheme's role in empowering them with financial access and a sense of dignity.
Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) and JAM Trinity: The PMJDY, in conjunction with Aadhaar and mobile connectivity, forms the "JAM Trinity." This has enabled the government to directly transfer subsidies and welfare benefits to the bank accounts of beneficiaries, significantly reducing leakages and corruption. In the financial year 2024-25, over ₹6.9 lakh crore was credited to bank accounts through various DBT schemes.
Digital Transactions and Financial Habits: PMJDY accounts come with a RuPay debit card, which has helped drive cashless transactions and contributed to India's digital payments revolution. The average deposit per account has also increased, indicating a growing habit of savings among account holders.
Growth of UPI: The success of financial inclusion initiatives like PMJDY has laid the foundation for the massive adoption of digital payment systems like UPI. In July 2025, UPI transactions reached a staggering 100 billion.
Challenges and the Path Forward:
Despite its successes, PMJDY faces a significant challenge with account inactivity. As of July 2025, approximately 23% of the total PMJDY accounts were inoperative, with no transactions for over two years. States like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar lead the list of dormant accounts.
Inadequate Rural Banking Infrastructure: The lack of a robust banking infrastructure, particularly in rural areas and less developed states, is a major reason for account inactivity. People may not have easy access to bank branches or ATMs to conduct regular transactions.
Financial Literacy: A lack of financial literacy is another key factor. Many account holders are not aware of how to use their bank accounts for various financial services beyond receiving government benefits. The government is undertaking financial literacy programs to address this issue.
Government Initiatives to Revive Dormant Accounts: To combat the issue of inactivity, the government has launched campaigns at the Gram Panchayat level. These campaigns, running from July to September 2025, focus on re-KYC (Know Your Customer) of inactive accounts, promoting social security schemes, and increasing financial literacy.
Conclusion:
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is more than just a scheme for opening bank accounts; it has the potential to be a catalyst for positive change in people's lives. By providing a financial identity, access to credit, insurance, and pensions, it is laying the groundwork for a more financially inclusive society. The government's ongoing efforts to address challenges like dormant accounts and promote financial literacy are crucial for ensuring the long-term success and transformative impact of PMJD
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), a national mission for financial inclusion, has completed 11 years since its launch on August 28, 2014. The scheme, which was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on India's Independence Day, has had a transformative impact on the country's financial landscape by bringing millions of previously unbanked citizens into the formal banking system.
Key Achievements and Impact:
Expanded Banking Access: The scheme has been instrumental in reducing the percentage of the unbanked adult population in India. A significant number of new bank accounts have been opened under PMJDY, with a reported 56 crore accounts opened by late 2025. This is a massive leap from 2011, when nearly 40% of the adult population was unbanked.
Empowering Women: A notable success of the scheme is the high participation of women. Over 56% of the total PMJDY accounts are held by women, indicating the scheme's role in empowering them with financial access and a sense of dignity.
Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) and JAM Trinity: The PMJDY, in conjunction with Aadhaar and mobile connectivity, forms the "JAM Trinity." This has enabled the government to directly transfer subsidies and welfare benefits to the bank accounts of beneficiaries, significantly reducing leakages and corruption. In the financial year 2024-25, over ₹6.9 lakh crore was credited to bank accounts through various DBT schemes.
Digital Transactions and Financial Habits: PMJDY accounts come with a RuPay debit card, which has helped drive cashless transactions and contributed to India's digital payments revolution. The average deposit per account has also increased, indicating a growing habit of savings among account holders.
Growth of UPI: The success of financial inclusion initiatives like PMJDY has laid the foundation for the massive adoption of digital payment systems like UPI. In July 2025, UPI transactions reached a staggering 100 billion.
Challenges and the Path Forward:
Despite its successes, PMJDY faces a significant challenge with account inactivity. As of July 2025, approximately 23% of the total PMJDY accounts were inoperative, with no transactions for over two years. States like Uttar Pradesh and Bihar lead the list of dormant accounts.
Inadequate Rural Banking Infrastructure: The lack of a robust banking infrastructure, particularly in rural areas and less developed states, is a major reason for account inactivity. People may not have easy access to bank branches or ATMs to conduct regular transactions.
Financial Literacy: A lack of financial literacy is another key factor. Many account holders are not aware of how to use their bank accounts for various financial services beyond receiving government benefits. The government is undertaking financial literacy programs to address this issue.
Government Initiatives to Revive Dormant Accounts: To combat the issue of inactivity, the government has launched campaigns at the Gram Panchayat level. These campaigns, running from July to September 2025, focus on re-KYC (Know Your Customer) of inactive accounts, promoting social security schemes, and increasing financial literacy.
Conclusion:
The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana is more than just a scheme for opening bank accounts; it has the potential to be a catalyst for positive change in people's lives. By providing a financial identity, access to credit, insurance, and pensions, it is laying the groundwork for a more financially inclusive society. The government's ongoing efforts to address challenges like dormant accounts and promote financial literacy are crucial for ensuring the long-term success and transformative impact of PMJD
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