*PHYSICS ALT B PRACTICAL ANSWERS.*
Q.1. (i) To place the meter rule on the knife edge, follow these steps:
1. Position the meter rule on the knife edge with its scale facing upward.
2. Adjust the position of the knife edge until the meter rule balances horizontally.
3. Record the point of balance G.
(ii) To attach the 20 g mass hanger securely at O, follow these steps:
1. Use one of the loops of string to attach the 20 g mass hanger securely at O.
2. Ensure that the position of the hanger remains constant throughout the experiment.
(iii) To attach the mass X securely at a distance AP = 2 cm on the rule, follow these steps:
1. Attach the mass X securely at a distance of 2 cm from the point of balance G on the rule.
2. Ensure that the position of X remains constant throughout the experiment.
(iv) To add a 20 g slotted mass to the hanger and record the total mass of the hanger and the added mass, follow these steps:
1. Add a 20 g slotted mass to the hanger.
2. Record the total mass of the hanger and the added mass as m = 40 g.
(v) To adjust the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q, follow these steps:
1. Adjust the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q.
2. Read and record the distance QG.
(vi) To read and record the distance QG, follow these steps:
1. Read the distance from the point of balance G to the point Q on the rule.
2. Record the distance QG.
(vii) To evaluate de^{-1}, follow these steps:
1. Substitute the value of de^{-1} into the equation.
2. Evaluate the expression to find the value of de^{-1}.
(viii) To repeat the experiment for four other total masses m = 60 g, 80 g, 100 g, and 120 g, follow these steps:
1. Repeat the experiment for each of the given total masses.
2. Read and record the distance QG for each total mass.
3. Evaluate d^{-1} for each total mass.
(ix) To tabulate the results, follow these steps:
1. Create a table with columns for the total mass, distance QG, and d^{-1}.
2. Fill in the values for each total mass.
(x) To plot a graph with m on the vertical axis and d^{-1} on the horizontal axis, follow these steps:
1. Plot the points for each total mass on the graph.
2. Connect the points with a smooth curve.
(xi) To determine the slope of the graph and the intercept on the vertical axis, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the slope of the graph by finding the change in y divided by the change in x.
2. Determine the intercept on the vertical axis by finding the y-intercept of the graph.
(xii) If in the experiment m = 70 g, use the graph to determine the balance length d, follow these steps:
1. Use the graph to find the corresponding value of d^{-1} for m = 70 g.
2. Invert the value of d^{-1} to find the value of d.
(xiii) To calculate Z using the equation z = (100 + 3)/(50), follow these steps:
1. Substitute the values into the equation.
2. Calculate the value of Z.
(xiv) Two precautions taken to ensure accurate results are:
1. Ensuring that the position of the hanger remains constant throughout the experiment.
2. Adjusting the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q.
(b) (i) The conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium under parallel forces are:
1. The resultant force acting on the body must be zero.
2. The moments of the forces about any point must be equal and opposite.
(ii) The moment of a force is defined as the product of the force and the distance from the point of rotation.
Q.1. (i) To place the meter rule on the knife edge, follow these steps:
1. Position the meter rule on the knife edge with its scale facing upward.
2. Adjust the position of the knife edge until the meter rule balances horizontally.
3. Record the point of balance G.
(ii) To attach the 20 g mass hanger securely at O, follow these steps:
1. Use one of the loops of string to attach the 20 g mass hanger securely at O.
2. Ensure that the position of the hanger remains constant throughout the experiment.
(iii) To attach the mass X securely at a distance AP = 2 cm on the rule, follow these steps:
1. Attach the mass X securely at a distance of 2 cm from the point of balance G on the rule.
2. Ensure that the position of X remains constant throughout the experiment.
(iv) To add a 20 g slotted mass to the hanger and record the total mass of the hanger and the added mass, follow these steps:
1. Add a 20 g slotted mass to the hanger.
2. Record the total mass of the hanger and the added mass as m = 40 g.
(v) To adjust the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q, follow these steps:
1. Adjust the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q.
2. Read and record the distance QG.
(vi) To read and record the distance QG, follow these steps:
1. Read the distance from the point of balance G to the point Q on the rule.
2. Record the distance QG.
(vii) To evaluate de^{-1}, follow these steps:
1. Substitute the value of de^{-1} into the equation.
2. Evaluate the expression to find the value of de^{-1}.
(viii) To repeat the experiment for four other total masses m = 60 g, 80 g, 100 g, and 120 g, follow these steps:
1. Repeat the experiment for each of the given total masses.
2. Read and record the distance QG for each total mass.
3. Evaluate d^{-1} for each total mass.
(ix) To tabulate the results, follow these steps:
1. Create a table with columns for the total mass, distance QG, and d^{-1}.
2. Fill in the values for each total mass.
(x) To plot a graph with m on the vertical axis and d^{-1} on the horizontal axis, follow these steps:
1. Plot the points for each total mass on the graph.
2. Connect the points with a smooth curve.
(xi) To determine the slope of the graph and the intercept on the vertical axis, follow these steps:
1. Calculate the slope of the graph by finding the change in y divided by the change in x.
2. Determine the intercept on the vertical axis by finding the y-intercept of the graph.
(xii) If in the experiment m = 70 g, use the graph to determine the balance length d, follow these steps:
1. Use the graph to find the corresponding value of d^{-1} for m = 70 g.
2. Invert the value of d^{-1} to find the value of d.
(xiii) To calculate Z using the equation z = (100 + 3)/(50), follow these steps:
1. Substitute the values into the equation.
2. Calculate the value of Z.
(xiv) Two precautions taken to ensure accurate results are:
1. Ensuring that the position of the hanger remains constant throughout the experiment.
2. Adjusting the position of the knife edge until the rule balances horizontally at Q.
(b) (i) The conditions necessary for a body to be in equilibrium under parallel forces are:
1. The resultant force acting on the body must be zero.
2. The moments of the forces about any point must be equal and opposite.
(ii) The moment of a force is defined as the product of the force and the distance from the point of rotation.
5(a) Characteristics of Art Movements:
(i) *Impressionism*:
- Focus on light and its changing qualities.
- Use of visible brush strokes.
- Emphasis on movement and ordinary subject matter.
(ii) *Expressionism:
- Emphasizes emotional experience over physical reality.
- Bold, exaggerated use of color and distorted forms.
- Often conveys angst, anxiety, or inner turmoil.
(iii) Cubism:
- Depicts subjects from multiple angles at once.
- Abstract and geometric shapes.
- Minimal use of color.
(iv) Surrealism:
- Focus on the unconscious mind and dreams.
- Illogical, dream-like scenes.
- Juxtaposition of unrelated objects.
5(b) Exponents of Each Movement:
- Impressionism: Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
- *Expressionism*: Edvard Munch, Wassily Kandinsky.
- *Cubism*: Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque.
- Surrealism: Salvador Dalí, René Magritte.
(i) *Impressionism*:
- Focus on light and its changing qualities.
- Use of visible brush strokes.
- Emphasis on movement and ordinary subject matter.
(ii) *Expressionism:
- Emphasizes emotional experience over physical reality.
- Bold, exaggerated use of color and distorted forms.
- Often conveys angst, anxiety, or inner turmoil.
(iii) Cubism:
- Depicts subjects from multiple angles at once.
- Abstract and geometric shapes.
- Minimal use of color.
(iv) Surrealism:
- Focus on the unconscious mind and dreams.
- Illogical, dream-like scenes.
- Juxtaposition of unrelated objects.
5(b) Exponents of Each Movement:
- Impressionism: Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir.
- *Expressionism*: Edvard Munch, Wassily Kandinsky.
- *Cubism*: Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque.
- Surrealism: Salvador Dalí, René Magritte.
*GKA OBJECTIVE ANSWERS KUNKIOLOGY.*
1. A drawing showing the head, shoulder, and part of the arms is known as:
- A. bust.
- B. model.
- C. portrait.
- D. torso.
*Answer* : A. bust.
2. A person who poses for drawing is called a:
- A. dummy.
- B. effigy.
- C. figurine.
- D. model.
*Answer* : D. model.
3. The main reason for studying visual art is to:
- A. become civilized.
- B. enable one fight injustice.
- C creativity.
- D. learn to become patriotic.
*Answer* : C. foster creativity.
4. The saturation point of a color refers to:
- A. beauty.
- B. purity.
- C. shade.
- D. tint.
*Answer* : B. purity.
5. The pure white clay used in the manufacture of porcelain is:
- A. ball clay.
- B. fire clay.
- C. kaolin.
- D. terra-cotta.
*Answer* : C. kaolin.
6. A pictorial composition is made by:
- A. choosing good drawing techniques.
- B. exploring the environment.
- C. identifying principles of art.
- D. organizing elements of art.
*Answer* : D. organizing elements of art.
7. The correct *answer* is A. color.
Hue, value, and intensity are properties of color, which are the fundamental elements of color theory.
8. The correct *answer* is B. output device.
A computer monitor is an output device that displays visual information generated by the computer.
9. The correct *answer* is D. the spectrum.
When a beam of light passes through a glass prism, it refracts and separates into its component colors, forming the visible light spectrum.
10. The correct *answer* is A. Copper and tin.
Bronze is an alloy made from copper and tin, with the proportion of tin determining the bronze's properties and color.
11. The correct *answer* is A. democracy.
The three heads carved together is a symbol of democracy, representing the three branches of government: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
12. The correct *answer* is A. Crucifixion.
Vincent Akwete Kofi is known for his carvings of the Crucifixion, a central event in Christian theology.
13. The correct *answer* is D.
verbal art.
Incantation is a form of verbal art that involves reciting or singing words or phrases with a rhythmic or musical quality.
14. The correct *answer* is C.
Neolithic period.
The cave man ventured into agriculture during the Neolithic period, which is characterized by the transition from hunting and gathering to farming and the domestication of animals.
15. The correct *answer* is B. mastaba.
The mastaba is an ancient Egyptian tomb structure that symbolizes stability, order, and endurance, representing the afterlife and the preservation of the deceased's body.
25. The correct *answer* is C. squeegee.
Blurred design in silkscreen printing is caused by excessive pressure applied by the squeegee, which pushes the ink onto the substrate.
26. The correct *answer* is A. background.
A background is a material or surface that provides a base for two-dimensional artwork.
27. The correct *answer* is C. rubbing.
The actual texture of a wall can be transferred onto paper by rubbing, which allows the artist to capture the texture and detail of the wall.
28. The correct *answer* is C. complementary.
The colors red, red-violet, and violet are complementary colors, meaning they are opposite each other on the color wheel.
29. The correct *answer* is C. decoration with bits of materials.
Mosaic is a form of decoration that involves creating images or designs by arranging small pieces of material, such as tiles or glass, into a larger whole.
30. The correct *answer* is A. fixative.
Chalk, pastel, charcoal, and soft pencil drawings can be made permanent by applying fixative, which helps to prevent smudging and fading.
31. The correct answer is C. mummy. The preserved body of the deceased in ancient Egyptian culture was called a mummy.
32. The correct *answer* is A. Amon Kotei.
Amon Kotei is a Ghanaian artist known for his work in carving.
33. The correct *answer* is A. knowledge on history of art.
1. A drawing showing the head, shoulder, and part of the arms is known as:
- A. bust.
- B. model.
- C. portrait.
- D. torso.
*Answer* : A. bust.
2. A person who poses for drawing is called a:
- A. dummy.
- B. effigy.
- C. figurine.
- D. model.
*Answer* : D. model.
3. The main reason for studying visual art is to:
- A. become civilized.
- B. enable one fight injustice.
- C creativity.
- D. learn to become patriotic.
*Answer* : C. foster creativity.
4. The saturation point of a color refers to:
- A. beauty.
- B. purity.
- C. shade.
- D. tint.
*Answer* : B. purity.
5. The pure white clay used in the manufacture of porcelain is:
- A. ball clay.
- B. fire clay.
- C. kaolin.
- D. terra-cotta.
*Answer* : C. kaolin.
6. A pictorial composition is made by:
- A. choosing good drawing techniques.
- B. exploring the environment.
- C. identifying principles of art.
- D. organizing elements of art.
*Answer* : D. organizing elements of art.
7. The correct *answer* is A. color.
Hue, value, and intensity are properties of color, which are the fundamental elements of color theory.
8. The correct *answer* is B. output device.
A computer monitor is an output device that displays visual information generated by the computer.
9. The correct *answer* is D. the spectrum.
When a beam of light passes through a glass prism, it refracts and separates into its component colors, forming the visible light spectrum.
10. The correct *answer* is A. Copper and tin.
Bronze is an alloy made from copper and tin, with the proportion of tin determining the bronze's properties and color.
11. The correct *answer* is A. democracy.
The three heads carved together is a symbol of democracy, representing the three branches of government: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches.
12. The correct *answer* is A. Crucifixion.
Vincent Akwete Kofi is known for his carvings of the Crucifixion, a central event in Christian theology.
13. The correct *answer* is D.
verbal art.
Incantation is a form of verbal art that involves reciting or singing words or phrases with a rhythmic or musical quality.
14. The correct *answer* is C.
Neolithic period.
The cave man ventured into agriculture during the Neolithic period, which is characterized by the transition from hunting and gathering to farming and the domestication of animals.
15. The correct *answer* is B. mastaba.
The mastaba is an ancient Egyptian tomb structure that symbolizes stability, order, and endurance, representing the afterlife and the preservation of the deceased's body.
25. The correct *answer* is C. squeegee.
Blurred design in silkscreen printing is caused by excessive pressure applied by the squeegee, which pushes the ink onto the substrate.
26. The correct *answer* is A. background.
A background is a material or surface that provides a base for two-dimensional artwork.
27. The correct *answer* is C. rubbing.
The actual texture of a wall can be transferred onto paper by rubbing, which allows the artist to capture the texture and detail of the wall.
28. The correct *answer* is C. complementary.
The colors red, red-violet, and violet are complementary colors, meaning they are opposite each other on the color wheel.
29. The correct *answer* is C. decoration with bits of materials.
Mosaic is a form of decoration that involves creating images or designs by arranging small pieces of material, such as tiles or glass, into a larger whole.
30. The correct *answer* is A. fixative.
Chalk, pastel, charcoal, and soft pencil drawings can be made permanent by applying fixative, which helps to prevent smudging and fading.
31. The correct answer is C. mummy. The preserved body of the deceased in ancient Egyptian culture was called a mummy.
32. The correct *answer* is A. Amon Kotei.
Amon Kotei is a Ghanaian artist known for his work in carving.
33. The correct *answer* is A. knowledge on history of art.