Case 46 || Solution ||
Renal Stones/ Nephrolithiasis:
⏹Occurrence: Males > Females
⏹Age Group: 20-40 years
⏹Predisposing / Risk Factors:
✅Altered Urinary PH
✅Decreased Urinary Volume
✅Absence of Calculi/stone inhibitors in urine. Eg Citrate Pyrophosphate & Osteopontin
⏹Types of Urinary Stone/Calculi:
1) Calcium Oxalate:
✅Most common urinary stone
✅Seen in:
• Nephrolithiasis
• Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
• Hyperoxaluria
✅Two Types of Calcium oxalate:
• Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate [Dumb-bell shaped]
• Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate [Envelope shaped]
Answers would be completed in the upcoming posts
Renal Stones/ Nephrolithiasis:
⏹Occurrence: Males > Females
⏹Age Group: 20-40 years
⏹Predisposing / Risk Factors:
✅Altered Urinary PH
✅Decreased Urinary Volume
✅Absence of Calculi/stone inhibitors in urine. Eg Citrate Pyrophosphate & Osteopontin
⏹Types of Urinary Stone/Calculi:
1) Calcium Oxalate:
✅Most common urinary stone
✅Seen in:
• Nephrolithiasis
• Ethylene Glycol Poisoning
• Hyperoxaluria
✅Two Types of Calcium oxalate:
• Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate [Dumb-bell shaped]
• Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate [Envelope shaped]
Answers would be completed in the upcoming posts
Forwarded from Medical NEET PG AIIMSPG PGI USMLE
Gene therapy is used for:
Anonymous Quiz
15%
Cystic fibrosis
6%
Sickle cell anemia
5%
Thalassemia
74%
All of the above
Forwarded from Medical NEET PG AIIMSPG PGI USMLE
Forwarded from Medical NEET PG AIIMSPG PGI USMLE
In Prader Willi syndrome, which of the following is increased?
Anonymous Quiz
12%
LH
23%
FSH
15%
TSH
50%
Ghrelin
Clinical Cases
Case 46 || Solution || Renal Stones/ Nephrolithiasis: ⏹Occurrence: Males > Females ⏹Age Group: 20-40 years ⏹Predisposing / Risk Factors: ✅Altered Urinary PH ✅Decreased Urinary Volume ✅Absence of Calculi/stone inhibitors in urine. Eg Citrate Pyrophosphate…
Case 46 || Solution || Last Part
For first part of the explanation refer to the previous post
2) Struvite Stones:
✅Also known as Triple Phosphate / Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Urinary Stones
✅Seen in:
• UTI caused by urea splitting bacteria
• Laxative Abuser
✅3D prism shaped / Coffin - Lid Appearance
3) Cystine Stones:
✅Hexagonal in appearance
✅Seen in cystinuria
4) Uric Acid Stones:
✅Random shape & Size [Square / Spindle Shaped/ Random]
✅Seen in:
• Gout
• Tumor Lysis Syndrome
For first part of the explanation refer to the previous post
2) Struvite Stones:
✅Also known as Triple Phosphate / Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate Urinary Stones
✅Seen in:
• UTI caused by urea splitting bacteria
• Laxative Abuser
✅3D prism shaped / Coffin - Lid Appearance
3) Cystine Stones:
✅Hexagonal in appearance
✅Seen in cystinuria
4) Uric Acid Stones:
✅Random shape & Size [Square / Spindle Shaped/ Random]
✅Seen in:
• Gout
• Tumor Lysis Syndrome
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JIPMER May
Patient is presented with cough with rusty sputum. On examination, lower lobe consolidation and bronchial breath sounds were heard. It gives a positive Quellung reaction. What is the probable Gram staining appearance?
Patient is presented with cough with rusty sputum. On examination, lower lobe consolidation and bronchial breath sounds were heard. It gives a positive Quellung reaction. What is the probable Gram staining appearance?
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Gram -ve bacilli
50%
Gram +ve cocci
19%
Gram+ve bacilli
15%
Gram - ve diplococci
Forwarded from Medical Times
AIIMS.NOV
A 35 Y patient complains of abdominal cramps along with profuse diarrhea. The treating physician wants to process the stool specimen for isolation of Campylobacter jejuni. Which of the following is the method of choice for the culture of stoo
A 35 Y patient complains of abdominal cramps along with profuse diarrhea. The treating physician wants to process the stool specimen for isolation of Campylobacter jejuni. Which of the following is the method of choice for the culture of stoo
Anonymous Quiz
15%
Culture on TCBS medium incubated at 37°C under aerobic conditions
39%
Culture on Skirrow’s medium incubated at 42°C under micro-aerophilic conditions.
29%
Culture on MacConkey medium incubated at 42°C under anaerobic conditions
17%
Culture on Wilson and Blair’s medium incubated at 37°C under micro-aerophilic conditions
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A 7/M complaints of fever & pain right hip. He has swelling in right hip region, there is mild reduction in movements in right hip region. Hip is in flexion, Abduction & External rotation.On xray there is mild increase in medial joint space. Diagnosis:
Anonymous Quiz
35%
Septic arthritis
26%
Transient synovitis
19%
Tubercular arthritis
21%
Dislocation hip
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AIIMS.NOV
A 35 year old male complains of vision distortion. The distortion increases progressively in both the meridians on wearing his spectacles. All of the following are correct regarding the patient's problem except:
A 35 year old male complains of vision distortion. The distortion increases progressively in both the meridians on wearing his spectacles. All of the following are correct regarding the patient's problem except:
Anonymous Quiz
12%
It is also called pincushion distortion
33%
It is due to wearing of cylindrical glasses
33%
It is due to asymmetrical convex lenses in both the eyes
22%
It is aniseikonia
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AI.PG
A 30 year old man has 6/5 vision each eye, unaided. His cycloplegic retinoscopy is +1.0 D sph. at I metre distance' His complaints are blurring of newsprint at 30 cm, that clears up in about 2 minutes. The most probable diagnosis is:
A 30 year old man has 6/5 vision each eye, unaided. His cycloplegic retinoscopy is +1.0 D sph. at I metre distance' His complaints are blurring of newsprint at 30 cm, that clears up in about 2 minutes. The most probable diagnosis is:
Anonymous Quiz
21%
Hypermetropia
22%
Presbyopia
48%
Accommodative inertia
9%
Cycloplegia
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[AIIMS May]
In a certain population, there were 4050 births in the last one year. There were 50 still births. 50 infants died within 7 days whereas 150 died within the first 28 days. What is the neonatal mortality rate?
In a certain population, there were 4050 births in the last one year. There were 50 still births. 50 infants died within 7 days whereas 150 died within the first 28 days. What is the neonatal mortality rate?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
50
31%
62.5
30%
12.5
16%
49.4
Forwarded from Medical NEET PG AIIMSPG PGI USMLE
Karnataka
An adult with no immunization history presents with a clean non penetrating wound 2 hrs back. What measure has to be taken?
An adult with no immunization history presents with a clean non penetrating wound 2 hrs back. What measure has to be taken?
Anonymous Quiz
28%
Full course of tetanus toxoid
29%
Human Tet globulin and single dose of toxoid
32%
Single dose of tetanus toxoid
11%
Nothing required
Forwarded from Medical NEET PG AIIMSPG PGI USMLE
A patient is presented with trismus with opisthotonus position. The probable causative agent is:
Anonymous Quiz
78%
Clostridium tetani
17%
Clostridium perfringens
4%
Clostridium difficile
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