⭐ TARGET JKPCS 2025
50 MCQ/days with explanation

🎉 On the occasion of Diwali, fee for JKPCS batch 2025 has been reduced to just 199/-

❓What are we providing ?

✅ Proper 45 days schedule
✅ Channel quiz 30+ MCQ
✅ Live bot quiz 20+ MCQ
✅ Atleast two rounds of revision
✅ Special focus on PyQs
✅ Doubt clearance

DM @Cassowary_11 to join now! 😊

The more you sweat in practice, the less you bleed in the battle!

You will also get access to all previous questions posted on the channel from 20 sept onwards.

From 15th dec, there will be weekly live bot quiz with 40 questions

🔆 Western Chalukya Dynasty (973–1189 AD)

📍 Overview
✅ Capital: Manyakheta → shifted to Kalyani (Basavakalyan)
✅ Founder: Tailapa II (defeated Rashtrakuta ruler Kakka II)
✅ Extent: Western Deccan – parts of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana
✅ Sources: Kannada works (Gada Yuddha, Vikramankadeva Charita), coins, inscriptions

📍 Important Rulers
✅ Tailapa II (975–997 AD): Defeated Paramara King Munja; patronized poet Ranna
✅ Satyashraya (997–1008 AD): Fought Eastern Chalukyas & Cholas; defeated by Rajendra Chola I
✅ Someshwara I (1042–1068 AD): Shifted capital to Kalyani; won Battle of Koppam (1054 AD)
✅ Vikramaditya VI (1076–1126 AD): Introduced Chalukya-Vikrama Era, defeated Cholas & Hoysalas

📍 Administration
✅ Decentralized system: Mandala → Nadu → Kampana → Bada
✅ Officials: Maha Pradhan, Sandhivigrahika, Dandanayaka
✅ Women managed Nadus & Kampanas

📍 Art & Architecture
✅ Style: Gadag / Vesara Style – blend of Nagara & Dravidian
✅ Temples:
• Kashivishweshwara Temple, Lakkundi
• Dodda Basappa Temple, Dambal
• Mahadeva Temple, Itagi – “Emperor among Temples”
• Trikuteshwara Temple, Gadag

📍 Literature
✅ Sanskrit: Vikramankadeva Charita – Bilhana
✅ Kannada: Gada Yuddha, Chandombudhi, Rannakanda

#history

Join @CSE_EXAM
@upsc_4_history

🔆 Suicide in India – Key Highlights (NCRB Report)

📍 Trends & Statistics
✅ Overall Increase: Reported suicides rose by 0.3% in 2023 (vs 2022), though rate declined by 0.8%.
✅ Highest Suicide Rate: Andaman & Nicobar Islands > Sikkim > Kerala.
✅ High Suicide States (by share): Maharashtra > Tamil Nadu > Madhya Pradesh > Karnataka > West Bengal.
✅ Urban vs Rural: Cities record higher suicide rates than the national average.
✅ Gender Ratio: Male : Female = 72.8 : 27.2.

📍 Farmer Suicides
✅ 10,786 deaths (6.3% of total suicides).
✅ Zero reported in: West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Jharkhand, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Goa.

📍 Government Initiatives
✅ National Suicide Prevention Strategy (2022): Reduce suicides by 10% by 2030.
✅ Tele-MANAS: 24×7 free tele-mental health helpline.
✅ National Mental Health Programme (NMHP): Decentralized mental healthcare.
✅ Manodarpan (MoE): Psychosocial support for students, teachers & families.

#social_issue #society #mains

🔆 Mud Volcano Eruption in Baratang Island (Andaman & Nicobar Islands)

📍 Recent Event
✅ India’s only active mud volcano in Baratang Island has erupted after 20 years, releasing mud, gases, and water.

📍 About Mud Volcanoes
✅ Definition: Natural vents that expel a mix of mud, water, and gases (mainly methane, sometimes CO₂ or nitrogen) — not molten lava.
✅ Formation Areas: Common in natural gas–rich regions.
✅ Cause of Eruption: Triggered by tectonic pressure or hydrocarbon gas buildup beneath the surface.
✅ Structure: Forms cone-like mounds, mimicking true volcanic shapes.

#Geography

Upsc EPFO prelims Short Notes

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Quick revise

⭐ TARGET JKPCS 2025
50 MCQ/days with explanation

🎉 On the occasion of Diwali, fee for JKPCS batch 2025 has been reduced to just 199/-

❓What are we providing ?

✅ Proper 45 days schedule
✅ Channel quiz 30+ MCQ
✅ Live bot quiz 20+ MCQ
✅ Atleast two rounds of revision
✅ Special focus on PyQs
✅ Doubt clearance

DM @Cassowary_11 to join now! 😊

The more you sweat in practice, the less you bleed in the battle!

You will also get access to all previous questions posted on the channel from 20 sept onwards.

From 15th dec, there will be weekly live bot quiz with 40 questions

🗞 Prelims 2026 starts now!!!

🆕First Academy in India which deals only with UPSC Prelims exam. This is very different.

💻 Known the source of UPSC Prelims Current Affairs Questions.

▶️Many failures have cleared Prelims for the first time from our platform. It’s your turn now.

📝Solve the above question: https://www.goaltideias.com/startdailyquizs-detail/1477

Telegram link: https://www.tg-me.com/goalTide

🔆 22 October 2025 – Current Affairs Round-Up

📍 INTERNATIONAL
✅ Brazil & India form strategic alliance for economic and tech cooperation — announced by President Lula da Silva.
✅ Mercer–CFA Global Pension Index 2025: India ranks 52/52 (score 43.8, Grade D); Netherlands, Iceland & Denmark top.
✅ UPOV (1991 Convention): Report flags rising FTA pressure on countries to adopt strict plant variety protection laws (India not a member).
✅ IEA Report: Sustainable fuel use may quadruple by 2035; could create 2 million jobs & attract $1.5T investment.
✅ WDMMA 2025: India overtakes China to become 3rd most powerful Air Force globally.

📍 NATIONAL
✅ Ministry of Mines launches State Mining Readiness Index (SMRI) — MP, Rajasthan & Gujarat top performers.
✅ FSSAI bans misuse of the term “ORS” on food products; deemed misbranding under FSS Act 2006.
✅ 8th Codex Committee Session on Spices & Herbs (CCSCH) held in Guwahati — global standards finalized for Vanilla, Coriander & Large Cardamom.
✅ Bathou Religion of the Bodo community (Assam) gets separate census code — marks official recognition of indigenous faith.
✅ WOL3D opens BRAHMA 3D Printing Farm (Mumbai) with 200+ printers producing 10,000 parts weekly.
✅ Ayodhya sets Guinness World Record — lights 2.6 million diyas on Diwali.
✅ India–EU hold 1st joint counter-terror exercise on drones (Manesar) focusing on UAS detection & neutralization.

📍 DEFENCE
✅ Rajnath Singh inaugurates Titanium & Superalloy Materials Plant (Lucknow) — strengthens Atmanirbhar push in aerospace & defence materials.
✅ Indian Navy launches 6th ASW Craft “Magdala” at Cochin Shipyard — adds to shallow-water anti-submarine fleet.
✅ India–South Korea conduct first bilateral naval exercise at Busan.
✅ India–UK Carrier Strike Group holds joint maritime drills in Indian Ocean.

📍 SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
✅ India launches Global “AgXelerate” Platform to connect agri-innovators across 7 countries for regenerative farming and global market access.

📍 APPOINTMENTS
✅ Rodrigo Paz elected President of Bolivia.
✅ Sanae Takaichi becomes Japan’s first female Prime Minister.
✅ Nirmal Kumar Minda takes over as President, ASSOCHAM.

📍 AWARDS & SPORTS
✅ Lionel Messi wins 2025 MLS Golden Boot — 29 goals, 19 assists for Inter Miami.
✅ Abusupyan Kharkharov receives BRICS International Award 2025 for spiritual & cultural contributions at Russia’s State Duma.

#CurrentAffairs

https://www.tg-me.com/CurrentAffairs_ONLY

📍 IMPORTANT DAYS
✅ National Solidarity Day – 20 Oct (marking 1962 India–China War).
✅ Police Commemoration Day – 21 Oct.
✅ World Osteoporosis Day – 20 Oct | Theme: “It’s Unacceptable.”

https://www.tg-me.com/CurrentAffairs_ONLY

🔆 Critical Mineral Recycling Incentive Scheme (CMRIS)

📍 Launched by: Ministry of Mines
📍 Under: National Critical Minerals Mission (NCMM)
📍 Type: Central Sector Scheme
📍 Tenure: FY 2025–26 to FY 2030–31
📍 Outlay: ₹1,500 crore

📍 Key Objectives

✅ Promote recycling of critical minerals from secondary sources (e-waste, spent lithium-ion batteries, catalytic converters).
✅ Establish a secondary domestic supply chain to reduce import dependence.
✅ Target: 270 kilotons recycling capacity & 40 kilotons recovered minerals annually by FY 2031.

📍 Incentive Structure

✅ Incentives on Capex & Opex (reimbursement basis).
✅ Covers all recycling stages — collection → processing → extraction → purification.

📍 Beneficiary Classification

1️⃣ Group A – Large Recyclers:
• Revenue > ₹200 crore
• Investment ≥ ₹100 crore
• Capacity ≥ 10,000 tonnes
• Incentive Cap: ₹50 crore

2️⃣ Group B – Startups/Smaller Recyclers:
• Revenue < ₹200 crore
• Investment ≥ ₹25 crore
• Capacity ≥ 5,000 tonnes
• Incentive Cap: ₹25 crore
🟩 1/3rd of total outlay reserved for Group B startups.

📍 Feedstock Sources

E-waste, lithium-ion batteries, catalytic converters, secondary metal waste.
(Black-mass producers not eligible.)

📍 National Critical Minerals Mission (NCMM)

✅ Promote R&D in advanced mineral processing & recovery.
✅ Develop Centres of Excellence and mineral processing parks.
✅ Build national stockpile for supply security.
✅ Encourage domestic & global investments in mining and recycling.
✅ ₹16,300 crore govt. funding + ₹18,000 crore PSU/private investment.

📍 Critical Minerals Covered

🔹 Lithium, Cobalt – EV batteries, electronics
🔹 Graphite, Nickel – Alloys, battery storage
🔹 Rare Earth Elements (REEs) – Defence, high-tech
🔹 Titanium, Tungsten – Aerospace
🔹 Vanadium, Molybdenum – Steel & energy

📍 Technological & Policy Support

✅ MMDR Act (1957) – 2023 Amendments: Enable faster exploration & approvals.
✅ GSI: 368 exploration projects underway.
✅ S&T PRISM Program: Supports startups/MSMEs in mineral R&D.
✅ KABIL (JV under MoM): Secured lithium mining rights in argentina.


#goverment_schemes

Join @PIB_UPSC
@upsc_government_scheme

🔆 Yadava Dynasty (1187–1317 AD)

📍 Overview
✅ Capital: Devagiri (Daulatabad)
✅ Founder: Bhillama V — defeated Hoysalas & established sovereignty
✅ Extent: Maharashtra, North Karnataka, parts of Madhya Pradesh
✅ Source: Deolali inscription (mentions Seunachandra II)

📍 Important Rulers
✅ Bhillama V (1173–1191 AD)
• Title – Chakravartin Yadava (Mutugi inscription)
• Defeated Hoysala king Ballala II

✅ Simhana II (1200–1246 AD)
• Defeated Shilahara King Bhoja II
• Patronised Sarangdeva (Sangeeta Ratnakara), Changadeva (Yoga Sangrama)

✅ Ramachandra (1291–1309 AD)
• Defeated by Malik Kafur under Alauddin Khalji

📍 Art & Architecture
✅ Gondeshwar Temple (Nashik): Panchayatana layout, Bhumija-style shikhara

📍 Literature
✅ Vivekasindhu – Mukundaraja
✅ Dnyaneshwari – Dnyaneshwar (commentary on Bhagavad Gita)
✅ Karnakutuhala – Bhaskaracharya

#history

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@upsc_4_history

🔆 Exercise Pacific Reach 2025 (XPR-25)

📍 About the Exercise
✅ Type: Biennial multinational submarine rescue exercise.
✅ Host Nation: Singapore.
✅ Participants: Over 40 countries, including India.

#cse #prelims

@CSE_EXAM

📍 RRBs Current Status & Performance (as of March)
✅ Number of RRBs: 43, sponsored by 12 Scheduled Commercial Banks.
✅ Sponsorship: All PSBs except Punjab & Sind Bank sponsor at least one; J&K Bank is the only private sponsor.
✅ PSL Leadership: 89% of total lending directed toward priority sectors.
✅ Role in Financial Inclusion:
• PMJDY accounts: 18.5% share
• PMSBY enrolments: 13.3% share
• PM-Kisan beneficiaries: 16.9% share

#mains #cse