An anti-English commenter took issue with my statement that Britain transitioned to full tin-bronze much earlier than most of the rest of Europe.

But yes Britain did move from arsenical copper to tin bronze technology around 2150 BC - centuries earlier than other regions in Europe.

Of course Britain had one of the main sources of tin in Cornwall (black circles on the map), along with a centuries old tradition of copper mining expertise. So it was well placed to make this technological breakthrough.

Just looked at the comments on a recent "long short" I made on Neolithic Venus figurines.

Every society interprets the past through their own present. Through our own preoccupations and beliefs.

So it's to be expected that many people assert that the hundreds of thousands of ceramic figurines made from Europe to India over thousands of years were used for what the zoomers call "gooning", or were made as a joke, or had no meaning at all.

A sad majority today especially those online live in a world of onanism, irreverence, and nihilism and project this onto the past.

In fact, these figurines did have spiritual, ritual, religious meanings for these societies. I will have to explain how we know this in a full length video.

From a few comments on my most recent video it seems there are misunderstandings about the chronology of the first settlements of the near east and the most up to date research on the Cucuteni-Trypillia culture.

Some places in prehistory saw groups clustering together in quite large settlements like Jericho and Catalhoyuk and in Ubaid era Mesopotamia. But most of them - like the Cucuteni-Trypillia - declined and collapsed before developing into cities like in Sumer. Probably the only place that really pulled it off was Uruk, which became an all conquering behemoth.

Unlike earlier examples tho, the Trypillia megasites were socially and economically complex, with dedicated economic structures and public buildings like temples and meeting houses. This is why some experts in the field define them as cities.

Peaceful Neolithic update:

"The most likely scenario is that the severed upper limbs were trophies taken from the bodies of enemies fallen in battle or raids immediately after death and brought to the village."

It's quite incredible to get a detailed scenario (or possible scenarios) laid out like this, with the context of one group conquering another in this way.

(The victors here would ultimately lose to the invaders)

If you're into horrifically violent Neolithic death pits (and if you follow me, then you are) you should check out the paper.