✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights- Health
✅Gs-2 : Health- Mental Health
🅾️Context : Supreme Court judgment in Sukdeb Saha vs State of Andhra PradeshCase: Click here
⚠️India faces a silent epidemic of mental health distress -> We have suicide spikes and farmer distress , urban burnout and digital isolation. Despite the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, the response remains fragmented, reactive, and underfunded ( Only 0.75 psychiatrists / lakh population (vs WHO norm: 3)-India spends <1% of total health budget on mental health.
🌟ETHICS link :Mental illness is socially seen as weakness, not illness — an attitude failure rooted in ignorance.
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✅Gs-2 : Health- Mental Health
🅾️Context : Supreme Court judgment in Sukdeb Saha vs State of Andhra PradeshCase: Click here
⚠️India faces a silent epidemic of mental health distress -> We have suicide spikes and farmer distress , urban burnout and digital isolation. Despite the Mental Healthcare Act, 2017, the response remains fragmented, reactive, and underfunded ( Only 0.75 psychiatrists / lakh population (vs WHO norm: 3)-India spends <1% of total health budget on mental health.
🌟ETHICS link :
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@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
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✅Gs-1 : Indian society- Demographic studies
🅾️Why do we need a demographic mission? - India needs to replace its “population-control mindset” with a “demographic strategy mindset”. Here we should recognise migration, ageing, skill distribution, and inclusion as the building blocks of future development rather than mere statistical phenomena.
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🅾️Why do we need a demographic mission? - India needs to replace its “population-control mindset” with a “demographic strategy mindset”. Here we should recognise migration, ageing, skill distribution, and inclusion as the building blocks of future development rather than mere statistical phenomena.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-2 : Fundamental Rights- Environmental Rights
✅Gs-3 : Environment
🅾️The Great Nicobar project plans to build a port, power plant, township, and airport — affecting 13,000 hectares of pristine forest in a biodiversity hotspot. Forest Rights Act (2006) mandates prior consent from tribal communities before diverting forest land.
🅾️Reports show that this consent process may not have been completed transparently.Humans depend on nature, but ecosystems have no representation. The Niyamgiri case (2013) set the precedent that local Gram Sabhas can veto projects on tribal land. So Giving nature “legal personhood” ensures balance-thats the main point of this article.
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@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
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✅Gs-3 : Environment
🅾️The Great Nicobar project plans to build a port, power plant, township, and airport — affecting 13,000 hectares of pristine forest in a biodiversity hotspot. Forest Rights Act (2006) mandates prior consent from tribal communities before diverting forest land.
🅾️Reports show that this consent process may not have been completed transparently.Humans depend on nature, but ecosystems have no representation. The Niyamgiri case (2013) set the precedent that local Gram Sabhas can veto projects on tribal land. So Giving nature “legal personhood” ensures balance-thats the main point of this article.
🎖Join
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
@upschighlights - Relevant hashtags for Prelims- Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
This program can solve your mains answer writing skills( even if you did not finish your syllabus ) as well as prelims problems’!
https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
✅Gs-2 : Governance- Accountability and Transparency
➡️The framework for this topic is given in this link-> click here
🅾️The recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) 2023 created a problem- Under Section 8(1)(j) of the RTI Act, “personal information” could be withheld only if it had no public interest relevance. The DPDPA expands this protection by completely exempting personal data disclosure, even when it concerns public officials. This means a citizen seeking details about an official’s expenditure, recruitment decisions, or asset declarations could now face denial — all in the name of privacy.
🅾️Also in the past- we have to know the effect of Girish Ramchandra Deshpande Case (2012): This judgment became the benchmark for rejecting RTI requests related to officials’ performance, transfers, or disciplinary actions — treating all such data as “personal"- Click here
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
➡️The framework for this topic is given in this link-> click here
🅾️The recently enacted Digital Personal Data Protection Act (DPDPA) 2023 created a problem- Under Section 8(1)(j) of the RTI Act, “personal information” could be withheld only if it had no public interest relevance. The DPDPA expands this protection by completely exempting personal data disclosure, even when it concerns public officials. This means a citizen seeking details about an official’s expenditure, recruitment decisions, or asset declarations could now face denial — all in the name of privacy.
🅾️Also in the past- we have to know the effect of Girish Ramchandra Deshpande Case (2012): This judgment became the benchmark for rejecting RTI requests related to officials’ performance, transfers, or disciplinary actions — treating all such data as “personal"- Click here
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Lekhana- 2026 Program Brochure - https://www.tg-me.com/hinduhighlights/14274
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
You could write PYQs on your own, but:
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- https://www.tg-me.com/hinduhighlights/14026
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- https://www.tg-me.com/hinduhighlights/13352
⚜️All those who expressed their interest-
Please register here : https://www.vkias.com/course/Lekhana-MainsPYQsAnswerWritingProgramPrelimsmentor-96402
You could write PYQs on your own, but:
• Without structuring templates, you risk repeating bad habits.
• Without self-evaluation metrics, you won’t know why your answer isn’t rank-worthy.
• Without time-bound discipline, you’ll end up reading PYQs, not writing them.
🇮🇳How relevant was VK IAS in prelims 2025? Check the prelims result- https://www.tg-me.com/hinduhighlights/14026
🇮🇳How relevant was the content of VK IAS in mains from 2020-2025- https://www.tg-me.com/hinduhighlights/13352
Forwarded from UPSC Economy by VK IAS (Vikas Kanukollu)
✅Gs-3 : Economic growth- Nobel Prize for Economics
🅾️Propositional knowledge = knowing what and why (scientific principles, e.g. laws of thermodynamics).
⚜️Prescriptive knowledge = knowing how (practical application, e.g. building a steam engine).
⚜️Sustainable innovation needs both =discovery and its scalable application.
🅾️Creative Destruction= Innovation → new products/processes → economic gains. But it also destroys old technologies, firms, and jobs. Hence, innovation must be paired with reskilling and adaptive policy to manage disruption.
🅾️Optimal R&D Investment- Too little R&D = stagnation. Too much =redundant competition. Aghion–Howitt’s model helps governments find the sweet spot where innovation benefits society even when private firms lose profits.
🎖Follow @economyhighlights for Economy articles.
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️Propositional knowledge = knowing what and why (scientific principles, e.g. laws of thermodynamics).
⚜️Prescriptive knowledge = knowing how (practical application, e.g. building a steam engine).
⚜️Sustainable innovation needs both =discovery and its scalable application.
🅾️Creative Destruction= Innovation → new products/processes → economic gains. But it also destroys old technologies, firms, and jobs. Hence, innovation must be paired with reskilling and adaptive policy to manage disruption.
🅾️Optimal R&D Investment- Too little R&D = stagnation. Too much =redundant competition. Aghion–Howitt’s model helps governments find the sweet spot where innovation benefits society even when private firms lose profits.
🎖Follow @economyhighlights for Economy articles.
@hinduhighlights for News analysis
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
https://www.vkias.com/course/LekhanaWebinar-89313
🅾️Attend the first day of Lekhana Orientation Mains skill building program- Open for all- Register using the link above!
Time and date : 16th oct,2025- 3 PM.
🅾️Attend the first day of Lekhana Orientation Mains skill building program- Open for all- Register using the link above!
Time and date : 16th oct,2025- 3 PM.
VK IAS by Vikas kanukollu (VK)
https://www.vkias.com/course/LekhanaWebinar-89313 🅾️Attend the first day of Lekhana Orientation Mains skill building program- Open for all- Register using the link above! Time and date : 16th oct,2025- 3 PM.
https://www.vkias.com/course/LekhanaWebinar-89313
Todays session of lekhana answer writing shows what can go wrong for candidates in exam hall- its an open book mock drill- dont fear the lack of content- know why content is the last thing u should worry about . Register yourself to attend the class today at 3 PM.
Just come with a book pen and an open mind. 🙂
Todays session of lekhana answer writing shows what can go wrong for candidates in exam hall- its an open book mock drill- dont fear the lack of content- know why content is the last thing u should worry about . Register yourself to attend the class today at 3 PM.
Just come with a book pen and an open mind. 🙂
Vkias
Lekhana free Webinar- Orientation
✅Gs1- Role of women in Indian society-
✅Gs-2- Judiciary-
🎖PYQ- Gs-2 paper had a question on Women in Judiciary- Click here- This is one dimension of woman empowerment
🅾️UPSC as a role model to bridge gender gap in judiciary- this is the take away
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-2- Judiciary-
🎖PYQ- Gs-2 paper had a question on Women in Judiciary- Click here- This is one dimension of woman empowerment
🅾️UPSC as a role model to bridge gender gap in judiciary- this is the take away
⚡️VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs2- Governance- Decentralized governance- Local governments
🎖Purpose of Local Governments : Click here
⚠️Issue - Urban India contributes nearly two-thirds of national GDP, yet municipalities control less than 1% of total tax revenue-Creates an inversion of democracy.
🌟Most important and novel points here :
⚜️1.Recognise grants and shared taxes as legitimate income.
⚜️2. Base ratings on transparency, audit compliance, and citizen participation.
⚜️3. Allow earmarking of GST or State shares as collateral for municipal borrowing.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🎖Purpose of Local Governments : Click here
⚠️Issue - Urban India contributes nearly two-thirds of national GDP, yet municipalities control less than 1% of total tax revenue-Creates an inversion of democracy.
🌟Most important and novel points here :
⚜️1.Recognise grants and shared taxes as legitimate income.
⚜️2. Base ratings on transparency, audit compliance, and citizen participation.
⚜️3. Allow earmarking of GST or State shares as collateral for municipal borrowing.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
Forwarded from UPSC - International relations by Vikas Kanukollu
✅Gs-2 : IR- IMEC- Implications
🅾️India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC)=multimodal infrastructure project- between India, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Israel, extending to Europe via the Haifa Port.Originated during the G20 Summit in New Delhi (2023), with participation from India, the EU, France, Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and the US.
🅾️The initiative followed the Abraham Accords (2020), which had raised hopes for regional peace and economic cooperation.
🅾️COunter to BRI of china
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://www.tg-me.com/UPSC_PSIR_IR
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🅾️India–Middle East–Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC)=multimodal infrastructure project- between India, the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Israel, extending to Europe via the Haifa Port.Originated during the G20 Summit in New Delhi (2023), with participation from India, the EU, France, Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and the US.
🅾️The initiative followed the Abraham Accords (2020), which had raised hopes for regional peace and economic cooperation.
🅾️COunter to BRI of china
⚠️Gs2-IR/PSIR channel link : https://www.tg-me.com/UPSC_PSIR_IR
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
Forwarded from VK IAS(UPSC Highlights)- History
#Art_and_Culture #History #Personalities
🔴GS1- Art and culture
🔴GS1- History
✅Heritage management- private players (Public-Private Partnerships or PPPs) to manage protected monuments.
🅾️The government proposes involving private companies to manage and maintain ancient monuments, arguing that the existing body, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), is overstretched and underfunded. One side of the debate argues that the ASI is a capable constitutional body and the solution is simply to empower and fund the ASI better, warning that private players will prioritize commercialization (gift shops, branding) over real, technical conservation.
🅾️The opposing side argues that the ASI is bureaucratic and lacks modern management expertise; therefore, PPPs are essential to bring in professional management
⚠️@historyhighlights for high value history snippets from news
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
🔴GS1- Art and culture
🔴GS1- History
✅Heritage management- private players (Public-Private Partnerships or PPPs) to manage protected monuments.
🅾️The government proposes involving private companies to manage and maintain ancient monuments, arguing that the existing body, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), is overstretched and underfunded. One side of the debate argues that the ASI is a capable constitutional body and the solution is simply to empower and fund the ASI better, warning that private players will prioritize commercialization (gift shops, branding) over real, technical conservation.
🅾️The opposing side argues that the ASI is bureaucratic and lacks modern management expertise; therefore, PPPs are essential to bring in professional management
⚠️@historyhighlights for high value history snippets from news
🎖Please Subscribe : Youtube.com/vikaskanukollu
✅Gs-2 : Indian constitution - Historical underpinnings- evolution of Idea of constitution
🅾️Main point of this article - Central Idea= The Indian Constitution is not the sole work of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar; it was a collaborative effort. Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (Constitutional Adviser) provided the initial working draft and fundamental structure, while Ambedkar, as Chairman of the Drafting Committee, skillfully refined and defended the final document, but was not its original architect.The article warns that reducing Ambedkar's contribution to a mere technical task ignores his radical social and moral philosophy, which was integral to the Constitution.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️Main point of this article - Central Idea= The Indian Constitution is not the sole work of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar; it was a collaborative effort. Sir Benegal Narsing Rau (Constitutional Adviser) provided the initial working draft and fundamental structure, while Ambedkar, as Chairman of the Drafting Committee, skillfully refined and defended the final document, but was not its original architect.The article warns that reducing Ambedkar's contribution to a mere technical task ignores his radical social and moral philosophy, which was integral to the Constitution.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs3- Climate change- Carbon markets
🅾️Background : Click here
🅾️Carbon markets- in Agriculture- Agri-carbon market
🅾️Core idea here?- The successful use of the carbon market to fight climate change in India depends entirely on enacting strict legal safeguards to protect vulnerable communities from exploitation- without strict legal mandates for FPIC, transparency in contracts, and a formal mechanism for equitable benefit-sharing, the carbon market will simply become another avenue for powerful corporate interests to exploit community land and labor in the name of "climate action."
🔰Join - VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
🅾️Background : Click here
🅾️Carbon markets- in Agriculture- Agri-carbon market
🅾️Core idea here?- The successful use of the carbon market to fight climate change in India depends entirely on enacting strict legal safeguards to protect vulnerable communities from exploitation- without strict legal mandates for FPIC, transparency in contracts, and a formal mechanism for equitable benefit-sharing, the carbon market will simply become another avenue for powerful corporate interests to exploit community land and labor in the name of "climate action."
🔰Join - VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-1 : Geography- Regional planning
✅Gs-2 : Governance
🅾️Central point here?- Bihar's economic backwardness stems from a complex mix of historical policy failures (like the Green Revolution's overemphasis on low-value agriculture) and an unfavorable political and social culture that has failed to prioritize modern industrialization and capital investment, leading to its current status as a low-income, labor-exporting state. Both the authors are presenting their views on the same .
⚠️Note : Articles like this explain the nature of interlinking across Gs papers needed to handle mains questions in the coming years! - V. imp and interesting to read this kind of articles.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel
✅Gs-2 : Governance
🅾️Central point here?- Bihar's economic backwardness stems from a complex mix of historical policy failures (like the Green Revolution's overemphasis on low-value agriculture) and an unfavorable political and social culture that has failed to prioritize modern industrialization and capital investment, leading to its current status as a low-income, labor-exporting state. Both the authors are presenting their views on the same .
⚠️Note : Articles like this explain the nature of interlinking across Gs papers needed to handle mains questions in the coming years! - V. imp and interesting to read this kind of articles.
🎖VK IAS subject wise channels - Click here
⚠️Youtube : Click here and join the VK IAS channel