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List of critical minerals for UPSC Prelims πŸ‘‰

Antimony, Beryllium, Bismuth, Cobalt, Copper, Gallium, Germanium, Graphite, Hafnium, Indium, Lithium, Molybdenum, Niobium, Nickel, PGE, Phosphorous, Potash, REE,Rhenium, Silicon, Strontium, Tantalum, Tellurium, Tin, Titanium, Tungsten, Vanadium,Zirconium, Selenium and Cadmium.
#Important #Prelims
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Baryte has various industrial applications which is used for oil and gas drilling, electronics, TV screens, rubber, glass, ceramics, paint, radiation shielding and medical applications.

Baryte is used to make high density concrete to block x-ray emissions in hospitals, power plants, and laboratories.

Baryte often occurs as concretions and vein fillings in limestone and dolostone. It is found in association with ores of Antimony, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese and Silver.

Baryte with iron ore occurs in pocket type of deposit which cannot be mined in isolation. While mining either of the minerals, the production of associated mineral is inevitable.
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The journey gets tough, but your "why" will always be your anchor. Keep going!
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🚨One Q can fetch 2 marks! πŸ’―

πŸ§˜β€β™‚οΈBranches of Buddhism for #UPSCPrelims :

πŸ”Έ Theravada – Buddha as a teacher, focus on monastic life
πŸ”Έ Mahayana – More devotional, Buddha as a divine figure
πŸ”Έ Vajrayana – Esoteric path, uses Tantra & rituals
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Great Events with Symbols

● Avakranti (conception or descent) - White Elephant Jati (birth)

● Lotus and Bull Mahabhinishkramana (leaving home) - Horse

● Nirvana/ Sambodhi (enlightenment) - Bodhi tree

● Dharmachakra Parivarthana (first Sermon) - Wheel

● Mahaparinirvana (passing away) - Stupa

#prelims #history
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Paris Indian Society
The Paris Indian Society, also known as the Bharat Mandal, was an Indian nationalist organization founded in Paris in 1905. Here's a summary of its key aspects:
Foundation and Purpose:
It was established as an offshoot of the India House, which was founded in London by Shyamji Krishna Varma.


Its primary goal was to promote Indian nationalism and advocate for India's independence from British colonial rule.
Key Figures:
Prominent figures associated with the society included Madame Bhikaji Cama, Shyamji Krishna Varma, S.R. Rana, Virendranath Chattopadhyaya, and others.
Madame Cama played a particularly significant role, becoming a driving force behind the society's activities.


Activities:
The society served as a hub for Indian revolutionaries in Europe.


It was involved in publishing nationalist literature, including newspapers like "Bande Mataram."


It helped to shelter revolutionaries who were fleeing from British authorities.


It also held regular meetings, and worked to train members in skills thought to be necessary for revolution.


Madame Cama unfurled an early version of the Indian flag at the International Socialist Congress in Stuttgart, Germany in 1907.


Significance:
The Paris Indian Society played a crucial role in the Indian independence movement, particularly in fostering revolutionary activities and spreading nationalist ideas among Indians living in Europe.


It was a major center for indian revolutionary activity outside of India.

@upscwithkunal
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India's first "frozen zoo"

What is frozen zoo?
- A frozen zoo is like a deep freezer for animals’ genetic material. It stores things like DNA, sperm, eggs, and embryos from animals β€” especially those that are rare or endangered and may go extinct in the future.
- Padmaja Naidu Himalayan Zoological Park in Darjeeling is India's first "frozen zoo".

#Prelims #Environment
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Colombo Process
The Colombo Process is a Regional Consultative Process comprising 12 Member States from Asia, which primarily serve as countries of origin for migrant workers. The forum facilitates the exchange of best practices on managing overseas employment.

#Prelims
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Zombie startups - companies without any kind of growth or evolution that simply continue to exist.
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UPSC Prelims 2025

Date - 25th May 2025

Days remaining - 52
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What is Teal carbon?

Teal carbon refers to carbon stored in freshwater (non-tidal) wetlands, including marshes, lakes, rivers, and peatlands. In contrast, carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses is termed blue carbon.


#Terms #Environment #Prelims
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Ezulwini Consensus

The Ezulwini Consensus, adopted in 2005 by the African Union (AU), represents the common African position on reform of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), advocating for Africa to have "not less than two permanent seats" and five non-permanent seat.

#prelims #important
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Industrial Committes


βœ… Hazari Committee (1967) – Industrial Policy

πŸ‘‰Appointed by Planning Commission to examine industrial licensing.
πŸ‘‰Highlighted concentration of economic power.
πŸ‘‰Recommended rationalization of licensing and equitable resource distribution.

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βœ… Subimal Dutt Committee (1969) – Industrial Licensing

πŸ‘‰Set up to reform industrial licensing system.
πŸ‘‰Recommended eliminating unnecessary licenses, categorizing industries, and improving approval timelines.
πŸ‘‰Emphasized transparency and reducing red tape.

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βœ… Abid Hussain Committee (1997) – Small Scale Industry

πŸ‘‰Suggested modernization, removal of item reservation, increased investment limits.
πŸ‘‰Advocated cluster development and easier credit access.
πŸ‘‰Played a key role in redefining SSI policy in liberalized economy.

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βœ… C. Rangarajan Committee (1993) – Disinvestment

πŸ‘‰Recommended partial disinvestment in PSUs (up to 49%).
πŸ‘‰Supported listing PSUs on stock exchanges, use of funds for deficit reduction, and strategic sales.
πŸ‘‰Led to the creation of a Disinvestment Commission in 1996.

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βœ… Arjun Sengupta Committee – MoU for PSUs

πŸ‘‰Arjun Sengupta was key in introducing the MoU system in the 1980s.
πŸ‘‰Designed to improve PSU accountability and performance while granting autonomy.
πŸ‘‰MoUs became a performance management tool for public enterprises.

#prelims #economy
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I received this message today, and it resonated with me. Let me emphasize one thing: civil services is not just a job; it is fundamentally a "service." Consequently, if your main motivation is salary, you will likely become disillusioned within a few years.

Focus instead on the greater purpose – to bring about meaningful change in society.
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Padma Awards

πŸ‘‰ instituted in 1954
πŸ‘‰announced every year on the occasion of Republic Day.

The award is given in three categories-
1) Padma Vibhushan,
2) Padma Bhushan and
3) Padma Shri.


πŸ‘‰The awards fall in line after the Bharat Ratna.

πŸ‘‰These awards are not given to government employees except doctors and scientists.

Padma Vibhushan

The second highest National Award given for exceptional and distinguished service in any field.

Padma Bhushan

The third highest National Award given for distinguished service in any field.

Padma Shri

The fourth highest award given for distinguished service in any field.

#prelims #awards
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⏱️ 48 days
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Trick to remember Saptanga theory of Kautilya

For more - https://amzn.to/3YqiwFE

#prelims #upsc
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Important Ramsar Sites in News
- Udhwa Lake in Jharkhand,
- Theerthangal and Sakkarakottai in Tamil Nadu
- Khecheopalri in Sikkim.

#Prelims #Current affairs
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2025/07/09 00:37:39
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