Comment your answer👇

India's ranking among the top producers for various commodities

1.Largest Producer

Milk: India is the world's largest producer of milk.

Pulses: India leads globally in the production of pulses.

Spices: India is the top producer of various spices, including chili pepper and ginger.

Bananas: India is the largest producer of bananas.

Mangoes: India leads in mango production.

Chickpeas: India is the largest producer of chickpeas.

Millets: India leads in millet production.

Jute: India is the largest producer of jute.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

2. Second Largest Producer

Rice: India is the second-largest producer of rice.

Wheat: India ranks second in wheat production.

Sugarcane: India is the second-largest producer of sugarcane.

Cotton: India ranks second in cotton production.

Groundnuts (Peanuts): India is the second-largest producer of groundnuts.

Tea: India is the second-largest producer of tea.

Onions: India ranks second in onion production.

Potatoes: India is the second-largest producer of potatoes.

Garlic: India ranks second in garlic production.

Silk: India is the second-largest producer of silk.

Fruits and Vegetables: India is the second-largest producer of fruits and vegetables.

Fish: 3rd largest fish producer, 2nd largest aquaculture nation in the world after China and the largest producer of shrimp.

Cardamom: India is the second-largest producer of cardamom.

Cashew Nuts: India ranks second in cashew nut production.

Tobacco: India ranks second in tobacco production.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

3. Third Largest Producer

Black Pepper: India is the third-largest producer of black pepper.

Eggs: India ranks third in egg production.

Coconuts: India is the third-largest producer of coconuts.

4. Fourth Largest Producer

Coarse Grains: India is the fourth-largest producer of coarse grains.

5. Fifth Largest Producer

Soybeans: India ranks fifth in soybean production.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

Ancient Literature for UPSC | Complete revision in 17 Minutes - https://youtu.be/Vd1Qz2vtcCM

GUPTA PERIOD ARCHITECTURE for UPSC | Complete revision in 7 Minutes 👉 https://youtu.be/1X9w8nD4Cho

Parliamentary Committees
Short Notes

Cover Art & Culture Quickly

Fees - ₹199/- ₹999/- (For Early Birds)

Discount code - LEARN25

SAMPLE VIDEO - https://youtu.be/5hJPf8IWaCo

SAMPLE NOTES - https://www.tg-me.com/upscsupersimplified/11441

Enrol Now 👉 https://upscsupersimplified.classx.co.in/new-courses/61-saransh-art-culture-rapid-revision

Helpline - 7827779142 / @dr_gjsontake

Constitutional Amendments in India that were enacted to address judicial interpretations of Fundamental Rights:

First Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951:

Added the Ninth Schedule: This was introduced to protect land reform and other laws from judicial review, effectively limiting the judiciary's power to challenge these laws based on Fundamental Rights violations.

Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1955:

Amended Article 31: This modification aimed to restrict property rights and compensation in cases where the state acquired private property, thereby limiting judicial intervention in such matters.

Seventeenth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1964:

Expanded the Ninth Schedule: Additional land reform laws were included in the Ninth Schedule to further shield them from judicial scrutiny concerning Fundamental Rights.

Twenty-Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1971:

Amended Articles 13 and 368: This amendment explicitly affirmed Parliament's power to amend any part of the Constitution, including Fundamental Rights, countering the Supreme Court's decision in the Golaknath case (1967), which had previously restricted such powers.

Twenty-Fifth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1971:

Introduced Article 31C: This provision sought to curtail property rights and compensation in cases where the state took over private property, limiting judicial review in such instances.

Twenty-Ninth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1972:

Added Kerala Land Reform Acts to the Ninth Schedule: This inclusion was intended to protect these specific land reform laws from judicial review concerning Fundamental Rights.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

Forty-Second Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976:

Amended Article 368: This change granted Parliament unrestrained power to amend any parts of the Constitution without judicial review, effectively limiting the judiciary's authority over constitutional amendments.

Forty-Fourth Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978:

Repealed Article 31: This amendment removed the Right to Property from the list of Fundamental Rights, thereby reducing the scope of judicial intervention in property matters.

Seventy-Seventh Constitutional Amendment Act, 1995:

Inserted Article 16(4A): This provision restored reservation in promotions for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, effectively overriding the Supreme Court's decision in the Indra Sawhney case (1992), which had previously restricted such reservations.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

Eighty-Fifth Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001:

Amended Article 16(4A): This change restored consequential seniority in promotions for SC/STs in government jobs, further reinforcing the provisions introduced by the Seventy-Seventh Amendment.

Ninety-Third Constitutional Amendment Act, 2005:

Inserted Article 15(5): This provision enabled reservations for Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in private educational institutions, effectively overriding certain judicial decisions that had previously restricted such reservations.

One Hundred and Third Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019:

Inserted Articles 15(6) and 16(6): This amendment provided for a maximum of 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clauses (4) and (5) of Article 15, effectively introducing economic-based reservations.

Follow @upscsupersimplified

Tricks To Remember Major Cold Currents in Each Ocean

Atlantic Ocean 🌍

Trick 👉 "Lazy Captain"
L - Labrador Current
C - Canary Current

Pacific Ocean 🌏

Trick 👉 "Old King"
O - Oyashio Current
K - Kamchatka Current

Southern Hemisphere 🌎

Trick👉 "Brave Penguins"
B - Benguela Current
P - Peru (Humboldt) Current


For more - https://amzn.to/4aTTR1y

J&K Combined Competitive (Preliminary) Examination 2024 results are out! Congratulations to all who cleared.

Follow https://www.tg-me.com/jkpsc_mains

Important rivers in India and their associated lakes

1. Ganga River System

√Ganga → Kanwar Lake (Bihar)
√Yamuna → Keetham Lake (UP)
√Ramganga → Nachiketa Tal (Uttarakhand)

Follow @upscsupersimplified

2. Brahmaputra River System

√Brahmaputra → Deepor Beel (Assam)

3. Indus River System

√Jhelum → Wular Lake (J&K), Dal Lake (J&K), Manasbal Lake (J&K)
√Sutlej → Gobind Sagar Lake (Himachal Pradesh)
Follow @upscsupersimplified

4. Peninsular River System

(a) East Flowing Rivers
√Mahanadi → Chilika Lake (Odisha)
√Godavari → Kolleru Lake (Andhra Pradesh) - Located between the deltas of Krishna and Godavari rivers

(b) West Flowing Rivers
√Narmada → Bhojtal (Upper Lake, MP)
√Periyar → Vembanad Lake (Kerala)

Cover Art & Culture Quickly

SAMPLE VIDEO - https://youtu.be/5hJPf8IWaCo

SAMPLE NOTES - https://www.tg-me.com/upscsupersimplified/11441

Enrol Now 👉 https://upscsupersimplified.classx.co.in/new-courses/61-saransh-art-culture-rapid-revision

Helpline - 7827779142 / @dr_gjsontake

Key Features of Budget 2025-2026

Important for #Prelims 2025

Andaman and Nicobar islands (North to south)
Trick- No MS Little Nick Can Not Let Go.
N- North Andaman
M- Middle Andaman
S- South Andaman
L-Little Andaman
C- Car Nicobar
L- Little Nicobar
G- Great Nicobar

For more - https://amzn.to/4c1Ah3Y

Geo-economic fragmentation
Definition:

Geo-economic fragmentation is characterized by a shift away from global economic integration, driven by strategic national policies, towards the formation of economic blocs and restrictions on trade, capital flows, and investment.

Key Characteristics:

- Trade Restrictions
- Capital Flow Restrictions
- Supply Chain Reorganization
- Rising Protectionism

Underlying Factors:

- Geopolitical Rivalries
- Strategic Considerations
- Technological Decoupling

Impacts:

- Reduced Global Trade and Investment
- Increased Economic Volatility
- Challenges for Emerging Markets

Examples:

- The US-China trade war and the imposition of tariffs on each other's goods.
- Restrictions on technology exports from the US to China.

#economicsurvey #prelims #important

UN Watercourses Convention
- The Watercourses Convention entered into force on 17 August 2014.
- China and India are not signatories to the UN Watercourses Convention.
#IR #Prelims #Important

List of important GS 2 - International Relations Topics for all upcoming state PSC exams & UPSC mains exam

Regional Relations:

👉India-Pakistan Relations
👉India-China Relations
👉India-Sri Lanka Relations
👉India-Sri Lanka Fishermen Issue
👉India-Bangladesh Relations
👉India-Myanmar Relations
👉India-Afghanistan (including the Taliban situation)
👉India-Nepal
👉India-Maldives

Bilateral Relations (Beyond Immediate Region):

👉India-United States (including impact of Donald Trump's policies)
👉India-Australia Relations
👉India-New Zealand Relations
👉India-United Arab Emirates (UAE) Relations
👉India-UAE Aviation Relations
👉India-Qatar Relations
👉India-Mauritius Relations

Multilateral/Global Issues:

👉Indo-Pacific
👉Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
👉Israel-Palestine Conflict
👉Two-State Solution
👉Ukraine War (potential solutions)
👉Trade Diplomacy with Europe
👉Global South and South-North Relations (India's bridging role)
👉South-South Climate Cooperation (India's role)
👉U.S. Withdrawal from the World Health Organization (WHO) - Causes and Effects

Specific Issues/Concerns:

👉China's Dam Construction and Threats to India
👉Sports Consensus between India and Pakistan